Given the nature of the markets in which we participate, we cannot reliably predict future revenue and profitability. Changes in competitive, market and economic conditions may require us to adjust our operations, and we may not be able to make those adjustments or make them quickly enough to adapt to changing conditions. A high proportion of our costs are fixed in the short term, due in part to our research and development and manufacturing costs. As a result, small declines in sales could disproportionately affect our operating results in a quarter. Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include:
- demand for and market acceptance of our products,- competitive pressures resulting in lower selling prices,- changes in the level of economic activity in regions in which we do business, including as a result of global health crises or pandemics,- changes in general economic conditions or government funding,- settlements of income tax audits,- expenses incurred in connection with claims related to environmental conditions at locations where we conduct or formerly conducted operations,- contract terminations, adverse litigation outcomes, and litigation costs,- differing tax laws and changes in those laws (including the enactment by countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Pillar Two, which would impose a minimum corporate income tax rate of least 15%), or changes in the countries in which we are subject to taxation,- changes in our effective tax rate,- changes in industries, such as pharmaceutical and biomedical,- changes in the portions of our revenue represented by our various products and customers,- our ability to introduce new products,- our competitors' announcement or introduction of new products, services or technological innovations,- costs of raw materials, labor, energy, supplies, transportation or other indirect costs,- changes in healthcare or other reimbursement rates paid by government agencies and other third parties for certain of our products and services,- our ability to realize the benefit of ongoing productivity initiatives,- changes in the volume or timing of product orders,- fluctuation in the expense related to the mark-to-market adjustment on postretirement benefit plans,- changes in our assumptions underlying future funding of pension obligations,- changes in assumptions used to determine contingent consideration in acquisitions, and - changes in foreign currency exchange rates.