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Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc (PLSH)
:PLSH
US Market

Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc (PLSH) Risk Analysis

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Public companies are required to disclose risks that can affect the business and impact the stock. These disclosures are known as “Risk Factors”. Companies disclose these risks in their yearly (Form 10-K), quarterly earnings (Form 10-Q), or “foreign private issuer” reports (Form 20-F). Risk factors show the challenges a company faces. Investors can consider the worst-case scenarios before making an investment. TipRanks’ Risk Analysis categorizes risks based on proprietary classification algorithms and machine learning.

Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc disclosed 37 risk factors in its most recent earnings report. Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc reported the most risks in the “Finance & Corporate” category.

Risk Overview Q4, 2023

Risk Distribution
37Risks
27% Finance & Corporate
22% Legal & Regulatory
22% Ability to Sell
14% Tech & Innovation
11% Production
5% Macro & Political
Finance & Corporate - Financial and accounting risks. Risks related to the execution of corporate activity and strategy
This chart displays the stock's most recent risk distribution according to category. TipRanks has identified 6 major categories: Finance & corporate, legal & regulatory, macro & political, production, tech & innovation, and ability to sell.

Risk Change Over Time

2022
Q4
S&P500 Average
Sector Average
Risks removed
Risks added
Risks changed
Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc Risk Factors
New Risk (0)
Risk Changed (0)
Risk Removed (0)
No changes from previous report
The chart shows the number of risks a company has disclosed. You can compare this to the sector average or S&P 500 average.

The quarters shown in the chart are according to the calendar year (January to December). Businesses set their own financial calendar, known as a fiscal year. For example, Walmart ends their financial year at the end of January to accommodate the holiday season.

Risk Highlights Q4, 2023

Main Risk Category
Finance & Corporate
With 10 Risks
Finance & Corporate
With 10 Risks
Number of Disclosed Risks
37
-4
From last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
37
-4
From last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
Recent Changes
0Risks added
1Risks removed
2Risks changed
Since Dec 2023
0Risks added
1Risks removed
2Risks changed
Since Dec 2023
Number of Risk Changed
2
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 3
2
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 3
See the risk highlights of Panacea Life Sciences Holdings Inc in the last period.

Risk Word Cloud

The most common phrases about risk factors from the most recent report. Larger texts indicate more widely used phrases.

Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 37

Finance & Corporate
Total Risks: 10/37 (27%)Below Sector Average
Share Price & Shareholder Rights5 | 13.5%
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that you should consider before investing in our common stock. Set forth below is a summary of the principal risks we face:
- We intend to raise capital through the sale of our common stock or securities convertible or exercisable into our common stock soon which will have a dilutive effect on our existing stockholders;         - Our ability to continue as a going concern is in doubt unless we obtain adequate new debt or equity financing and achieve sufficient sales levels;         - Because we require additional capital to execute our business plan and expand our operations, our inability to generate and obtain such capital on acceptable terms, or at all, could harm our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects;         - We are highly dependent on our Chief Executive Officer, and the loss of her services or a conflict of interest arising from her loans to us, and her other business endeavors would adversely affect us;         - Our business and the h industry generally are subject to substantial regulation and governmental scrutiny characterized by high compliance costs and uncertainty, including the possibility that laws change in a manner adverse to us;         - Panacea's operations and our new Chief Executive Officer were not previously subject to SEC reporting obligations, which could render us difficult to evaluate and expose us to risk;         - If we are unable to keep up with rapid technological change, consumer preferences and economic developments in our industry or in general, our products may become obsolete.         - We could become subject to data privacy and security claims or enforcement actions, particularly due to our digital marketing efforts;         - We may become subject to product liability or related claims based on our production and sale of products containing chemical compounds designed to be ingested or applied topically;- Our Chief Executive Officer, directly and through entities she controls, owns a majority of our outstanding common stock and voting power on an as-converted basis, rendering other stockholders' ability to influence matters before them limited in most cases; and         - Operational risks such as material weaknesses and other deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting could result in errors, potentially requiring restatements of our historical financial data, leading investors to lose confidence in our reported results.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
We have a limited operating history upon which investors can evaluate our future prospects.
Panacea was founded and began operations in the hemp industry in 2017 and we therefore have a limited operating history upon which an evaluation of our business plan or performance and prospects can be made. Our business and prospects must be considered in the light of the potential problems, delays, uncertainties and complications encountered in connection with a business which is still in its early stages in a relatively new industry characterized by unexpected change. The risks include, but are not limited to, the possibility that we fail to develop functional and scalable products, or that although functional and scalable, our products will not be economical to market in order to become or remain profitable; that our competitors hold proprietary rights precluding us from marketing such products; that our competitors offer a superior or equivalent product or otherwise achieve or maintain greater market acceptance than us; that we are unable to upgrade or improve our processes and products to accommodate new features and expand our offerings; or that we fail to receive or maintain necessary regulatory clearances and compliance for our products and operations. In order to grow our revenue, we must develop and improve upon our brand name recognition and competitive advantages for our products and expand into new markets. Even if we accomplish such growth, resulting expenses may be greater than estimated, which could reduce or even eliminate any revenue gains for which such endeavors were made. There are no assurances that we can successfully address these challenges. If we are unsuccessful, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
Due to factors beyond our control, our stock price may be volatile.
Any of the following factors could affect the market price of our common stock: - Our failure to generate increasing material revenues from our business; - Our failure to enhance our product offerings or expand into new markets; - A decline in our revenue or growth rate; - Our public disclosure of the terms of any financing which we consummate in the future; - A decline in the economy which impacts the demand for our products and our ability to generate revenue and achieve growth metrics; - Announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, new products, acquisitions, commercial relationships, joint ventures or capital commitments; - Changes in laws, regulations or government actions affecting the cannabinoid industry in general or our products in particular; - Our ability to list our common stock on a national securities exchange; - Our ability to attract analyst coverage; - The sale of large numbers of shares of common stock by our shareholders; - Short selling activities; or - Changes in market valuations of similar companies. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A securities class action suit against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management's time and attention, which would otherwise be used to benefit our business. These broad market and industry factors may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
We are subject to the "penny stock" rules which will adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock.
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define "penny stock" to be an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. The market price of our common stock on the OTCQB is presently less than $5.00 per share and therefore we are considered a "penny stock" company according to SEC rules. While we intend to effect a reverse stock split pending compliance with SEC Rules, including the filing of a Schedule 14C, to increase our stock price, until such time as our stock price rises above $5.00 per share (which may not occur following the reverse stock split or at all), the "penny stock" designation requires any broker-dealer selling our securities to disclose certain information concerning the transaction, obtain a written agreement from the purchaser and determine that the purchaser is reasonably suitable to purchase the securities. These rules limit the ability of broker-dealers to solicit purchases of our common stock and therefore reduce the liquidity of the public market for our shares. Broker-dealers are increasingly reluctant to permit investors to buy or sell speculative unlisted stock and often impose costs which make it uneconomical for small shareholders to do so. Moreover, as a result of apparent regulatory pressure from the SEC and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") a growing number of broker-dealers decline to permit investors to purchase and sell or otherwise make it difficult to sell shares of penny stocks. The "penny stock" designation may have a depressive effect upon our common stock price which the prospective reverse stock split may not sufficiently overcome.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
Because our Chief Executive Officer, directly and through entities she controls, beneficially owns approximately 61% of our issued and outstanding common stock and voting power on an as-converted basis, she can exert significant control over our business and affairs which may be averse to those of our stockholders, particularly if a conflict of interest arises.
Our Chief Executive Officer and currently one of our two directors, owns approximately 61% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock and voting power on an as-converted basis. As of December 31, 2022, Ms. Buttorff and or her companies also hold $14.796 million in demand notes which bear interest at a rate ranging from 0 to 12% per annum. The interests of Ms. Buttorff may differ from the interests of our other stockholders, including by virtue of her other businesses operated through her entities and their holdings that are not affiliated with us. As a result, Ms. Buttorff will have significant influence and control over all corporate actions including those actions requiring stockholder approval, irrespective of how our minority stockholders may vote, including the following actions: - the election of our directors; - charter or bylaw amendments; - a merger, asset sale or other fundamental corporate transaction; and - any other matter submitted to our stockholders for a vote, subject only to applicable law including the Nevada Revised Statutes. This concentration of ownership and the conflicts of interest may have the effect of impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination or tender offer for our common stock which other stockholders may deem desirable or could reduce our stock price or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over our stock price in such a transaction. Further, to the extent our other stockholders disagree with an action Ms. Buttorff elect to take as a stockholder, their ability to prevent such action or avoid the effect on their shareholdings will range from significantly limited to non-existent due to our current capital structure, subject only to applicable law and our charter documents. Therefore, if Ms. Buttorff has an interest adverse to other stockholders, or if other stockholders otherwise disagree with Ms. Buttorff with respect to a matter before the stockholders, they will have little to no control over that matter and the direction we ultimately take.
Debt & Financing2 | 5.4%
Debt & Financing - Risk 1
Our ability to continue as a going concern is in doubt unless we obtain adequate new debt or equity financing and achieve sufficient sales levels.
As noted above, we have incurred significant net losses to date. We anticipate that we will continue to lose money for the foreseeable future. Additionally, we have negative cash flows from operations and we our revenue may exceed our expenses in the next 12 months. Since our inception in 2017, we have generated losses from operations. As of December 31, 2023, our accumulated deficit was $33.9 million, and we had $0.1 million in cash and liquid stock. Our continued existence is dependent upon generating sufficient working capital and obtaining adequate new debt or equity financing. These factors raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of 12 months from the issuance date of this report. Management cannot provide assurance that we will ultimately achieve or maintain profitable operations or become cash flow positive or raise additional debt and/or equity capital. Because of our continuing losses, without improvements in our cash flow from operations or new financing, we may have to continue to restrict our expenditures. Working capital limitations may impinge on our day-to-day operations, which may contribute to continued operating losses. Operational risks such as material weaknesses and other deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting could result in errors, potentially requiring restatements of our historical financial data, leading investors to lose confidence in our reported results. There are a number of factors that may impede our efforts to establish and maintain effective internal controls and a sound accounting infrastructure, including our lacking a Chief Financial Officer, our pace of growth, and general uncertainty regarding the operating effectiveness and sustainability of controls. Controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, provide only reasonable assurance that material errors in our financial statements will be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Any failure to establish and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting increases the risk of material error and/or delay in our financial reporting. Depending on the nature of a failure and any required remediation, ineffective controls could have a material adverse effect on our business and potentially result in additional restatements of our historical financial results. Financial restatements or other issues arising from ineffective controls and our recent change of our auditors could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which would have an adverse effect on the trading price of our securities. Delays in meeting our financial reporting obligations could affect our ability to maintain the listing of our securities. Although we seek to reduce these risks through active efforts relating to properly documented processes, adequate systems, risk culture, compliance with regulations, corporate governance and other factors supporting internal controls, such procedures may not be effective in limiting each of the operational risks.
Debt & Financing - Risk 2
Because we need to raise additional capital any financing based on our common stock or common stock equivalents will dilute our existing stockholders and the terms of any such financing could impose restrictions on our operations.
We have depended upon loans from our Chief Executive Officer and principal stockholder and have primarily financed our operations by borrowing funds from her.
Corporate Activity and Growth3 | 8.1%
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 1
Even if we meet our growth objectives and our enter into new markets as intended, we may face difficulties evaluating our current and future business prospects, and we may be unable to effectively manage any growth associated with these achievements, which would increase the risk of your investment losing value and could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our entry into new markets and/or growth in our product offering or consumer base may place a significant strain on our resources and increase demands on our executive management, personnel and operational systems, and our human, administrative and financial resources may be inadequate to meet these demands. We may also be unable to effectively manage any expanded operations or achieve planned growth on a timely or profitable basis, particularly if the number of customers using our products significantly increases within a short period of time. If we are unable to manage expanded operations effectively, we may experience operating inefficiencies, the quality of our products could decline, and our business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 2
If we cannot manage our growth effectively, our results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.
We expect to experience growth as we raise additional capital. Businesses which grow rapidly often have difficulty managing their growth while maintaining their compliance and quality standards. If we grow as rapidly as anticipated, we will need to expand our management by recruiting and employing additional executive and key personnel capable of providing the necessary support. There can be no assurance that management, along with staff, will be able to effectively manage our growth nor can there be any assurance that growth in our product offerings, customer base or contracts will translate to an increase in revenue or profitability. Any failure to meet the challenges associated with rapid growth could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 3
The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and distract our management, which could make it difficult to manage our business.
The federal securities laws require us to comply with SEC reporting requirements relating to our business and securities. Complying with these reporting and other regulatory obligations is time-consuming and will result in increased costs to us which could have a negative effect on our financial condition or business. These increased costs are not reflected in the financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K because during the periods covered Panacea was a private company not subject to SEC reporting obligations. As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. These requirements may place a strain on our systems and resources. We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports with the SEC disclosing certain aspects and developments of our business and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. To maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, we will need to commit significant resources, hire additional executive officers and personnel and provide for additional management oversight. We intend to implement additional procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the standards and requirements applicable to SEC reporting companies. Sustaining our growth will also require us to commit additional managerial, operational and financial resources to identifying competent professionals to join us and to maintain appropriate operational and financial systems to adequately support our intended expansion. These activities may divert management's attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or business.
Legal & Regulatory
Total Risks: 8/37 (22%)Below Sector Average
Regulation6 | 16.2%
Regulation - Risk 1
Potential Impacts of Certain Current and Proposed Regulations on Our Business and Operations
Many companies that produce hemp-derived CBD products including us undertake to abide by the same regulations as any other dietary supplements like ingredient filings, good manufacturing practices (GMP), and labeling and marketing provisions. We will continue to sell CBD and other hemp-derived products while still awaiting a clear path from the FDA about how CBD products can be marketed and used. People are increasingly turning to hemp products for several reasons: CBD is non-psychoactive, so it does not produce a "high" like THC, there are few known contraindications, the properties of different cannabinoids can positively affect a wide range of ailments, and cannabinoids work directly and indirectly with the body's endocannabinoid system to create balance known as homeostasis. As demand increases, we believe the FDA must provide more clarity about CBD's legalization, and this bill is a promising first step.
Regulation - Risk 2
Existing or future governmental regulations relating to cannabinoid products may harm or prevent our ability to produce and/or sell our product offerings.
While a majority of state governments in the United States have legalized the growing, production, and use of hemp in some form and subject to certain restrictions, cannabis remains illegal under federal law. In addition, in July 2017, the United States Drug Enforcement Agency issued a statement that certain hemp extractions fall within the definition of marijuana and are therefore a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, as amended. Thus, the cannabis industry, including companies which sell products containing hemp, faces significant uncertainty surrounding regulation by the federal government, which could claim supremacy over state regulatory regimes including those with a "friendlier" view toward hemp products. While the federal government has for several years chosen to not intervene in the cannabis business conducted legally within the states that have legislated such activities, there is, nonetheless, potential that the federal government may at any time choose to begin enforcing its laws against the manufacture, possession, or use of cannabis-based products such as hemp. Similarly, there is the possibility that the federal government may enact legislation or rules that authorize the manufacturing, possession or use of those products under specific guidelines. Local, state and federal cannabis laws and regulations are broad in scope and subject to evolving interpretations. In the event the federal government was to tighten its regulation of the industry, we would likely suffer a material adverse effect on our business, including potentially substantial losses.
Regulation - Risk 3
Unexpected changes in federal and state law could cause any of our current products, as well as products that we intend to develop and launch, containing hemp-derived CBD oil to be illegal, or could otherwise prohibit, limit or restrict any of our products containing CBD.
Our business is based on the production and distribution of products containing hemp-derived CBD. The Farm Bill, which amended various sections of the U.S. Code, and legalized the cultivation and sale of industrial hemp at the federal level, subject to compliance with certain federal requirements and state law. There can be no assurance that the Farm Bill will not be repealed or amended such that our products containing hemp-derived CBD would once again be deemed illegal under federal law. The Farm Bill delegates the authority to the states to regulate and limit the production of hemp and hemp-derived products within their territories. Although many states have adopted laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of hemp and hemp-derived products under certain circumstances, no assurance can be given that such state laws may not be repealed or amended such that our intended products containing hemp-derived CBD would once again be deemed illegal under the laws of one or more states now permitting such products, which in turn would render such intended products illegal in those states under federal law even if the federal law is unchanged. In the event of either repeal of federal or of state laws and regulations, or of amendments thereto that are averse to our intended products, we may be restricted or limited with respect to those products that we may sell or distribute, which could adversely impact our intended business plan with respect to such intended products. Additionally, the FDA has indicated that certain products containing hemp are not permissible under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the "FDCA"), notwithstanding the passage of the Farm Bill. On December 20, 2018, after the Farm Bill became law, then FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb issued a statement in which he reiterated the FDA's position that hemp products that are marketed with a claim of therapeutic benefit must be approved by the FDA for their intended use before they may be distributed in interstate commerce and that the FDCA prohibits interstate distribution of food products containing hemp and marketing products containing hemp as a dietary supplement, regardless of whether the substances are hemp-derived. Although we believe our existing and planned hemp products comply with applicable federal and state laws and regulations, legal proceedings alleging violations of such laws could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Sources of hemp-derived CBD depend upon legality of cultivation, processing, marketing and sales of products derived from those plants under state law. Hemp-derived CBD can only be legally produced in states that have laws and regulations that allow for such production and that comply with the Farm Bill, apart from state laws legalizing and regulating medical and recreational cannabis or marijuana, which remains illegal under federal law. This is one of the reasons why we are based in Colorado. Unexpected changes in federal and state law could cause our current hemp production methods or resulting products, as well as products that we intend to develop and launch, to be illegal or could otherwise prohibit, limit or restrict some or all of our products in the event of repeal or amendment of laws and regulations which are now comparatively favorable to the cannabis/hemp industry in certain states, we would be required to locate new suppliers in states with laws and regulations that qualify under the Farm Bill. If we were to be unsuccessful in arranging new sources of supply of our raw ingredients, or if our raw ingredients were to become legally unavailable, our intended business plan with respect to such products could be adversely impacted.
Regulation - Risk 4
Because we and our distributors may only sell and ship our products containing hemp-derived CBD in states that have adopted laws and regulations qualifying under the Farm Bill, a reduction in the number of states having such qualifying laws and regulations could limit, restrict or otherwise preclude the sale of intended products containing hemp-derived CBD.
The interstate shipment of hemp-derived CBD from one state to another is legal only where both states have laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of such products and that qualify under the Farm Bill. Therefore, the marketing and sale of our products is limited by such factors and is restricted to such states. Although we believe we may lawfully sell any of our finished products including those containing CBD in a majority of states, a repeal or adverse amendment of laws and regulations that are now favorable to the distribution, marketing and sale of finished products we intend to sell could significantly limit, restrict or prevent us from generating revenue related to our products that contain hemp-derived CBD. Additionally, any such adverse changes or existing legislation in new markets we target may stunt our growth and diminish our prospects. Any such repeal or adverse amendment of laws and regulations could have an adverse impact on our business plan with respect to such products.
Regulation - Risk 5
Costs associated with compliance with numerous laws and regulations and quality standards could adversely impact our financial results.
The manufacture, labeling and distribution of hemp products is regulated by various federal, state and local government agencies. These governmental authorities regulate our products and processes to ensure that the products are not adulterated or misbranded. We are subject to regulation by the federal government and other state and local agencies as a result of our hemp products. In addition to the risks associated with the possibility of government enforcement or private litigation due to alleged noncompliance, our compliance costs associated with our day-to-day operations are high and are expected to increase as we expand into new markets and/or develop and market new products. For example, as a "seed to sale" hemp business, meaning a business which handles every step of a hemp product's manufacture and sale in-house rather than relying on third parties for some or all the production and distribution steps, we are responsible for the quality of our product, and the means by which it is produced and marketed, at every stage. Compliance with regulations imposed on our business model means we must deploy and maintain an advanced computer monitoring system which allows us to track our production and distribution process. We must train our employees and utilize and maintain security measures to ensure our facility functions properly. Compliance with these and other government requirements for product monitoring, quality, labelling and distribution are costly which may limit our profitability.
Regulation - Risk 6
Changed
Because laws and regulations affecting our industry are evolving, changes to any regulation may materially affect our hemp products.
In conjunction with the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the "Farm Bill"), the Food and Drug Administration (the "FDA") released a statement about the status of hemp as a nutritional supplement, and the agency's actions in the short term with regards to hemp will guide the industry. As a company whose products contain hemp, we intend to meet all FDA guidelines as the regulations evolve. Any difficulties in compliance with future government regulation could increase our operating costs and adversely impact our results of operations in future periods. In addition, as a result of the Farm Bill's passage, we expect that there will be a constant evolution of laws and regulations affecting the hemp industry which could affect our operations. Local, state and federal hemp laws and regulations may be broad in scope and subject to changing interpretations. These changes may require us to incur substantial costs associated with legal and compliance fees and ultimately require us to alter our business plan. Furthermore, violations of these laws, or alleged violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse effect on our operations. In addition, we cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations or applications, and it is possible that regulations may be enacted in the future that will be directly applicable to our business.
Litigation & Legal Liabilities1 | 2.7%
Litigation & Legal Liabilities - Risk 1
Because the sale of our products involves the potential for product liability, we may incur significant losses and expenses in excess of our insurance coverage.
We face an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims if the use of our products results in, or is believed to have resulted in, illness or injury. Our products are designed for ingestible or topical use and contain combinations of ingredients, and there is little experience with or knowledge of the long-term effects of these combinations. In addition, interactions of these ingredients and products with other products, prescription medications and over-the-counter treatments have not been fully explored or understood and may have unintended consequences. Future research or results may lead to the discovery of unknown adverse side effects from hemp, KAVA and Kratom, which would harm our business. Although we believe all our products will be safe when taken as directed by us, there is little long-term research on the effects of human consumption of certain of the new product ingredients or combinations in concentrated form that we use or may in the future use in developing our hemp products. Any instance of illness or negative side effects of ingesting hemp products or applying them topically on the skin could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations by, among other things, exposing us to the risk of costly litigation and/or governmental sanctions and dramatically reducing the demand for some or all our products. Any product liability claims or related developments from our products or hemp in general may increase our costs and adversely affect our revenue, product demand and operating results. Moreover, liability claims arising from a serious adverse event may increase our costs through higher insurance premiums and deductibles and may make it more difficult to secure adequate insurance coverage in the future. In addition, our product liability insurance may fail to cover future product liability claims, which, if adversely determined, could subject us to substantial monetary damages.
Environmental / Social1 | 2.7%
Environmental / Social - Risk 1
If we fail to comply with U.S. laws related to privacy, data security, and data protection, it could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
We rely on a variety of marketing techniques, including email, radio, display advertising, and social media marketing, targeted online advertisements, and postal mailings, and we are or may become subject to various laws and regulations that govern such marketing and advertising practices. A variety of federal and state laws and regulations, including those enforced by various federal government agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission, Federal Communications Commission, and state and local agencies, govern the collection, use, retention, sharing, and security of personal data, particularly in the context of online advertising, which we utilize to attract new customers. The legislative and regulatory bodies or self-regulatory organizations in various jurisdictions inside the United States may expand current laws or regulations, enact new laws or regulations, or issue revised rules or guidance regarding privacy, data protection, consumer protection, information security, and online advertising. California has enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (the "CCPA"), which became operative on January 1, 2020, and its implementing regulations took effect in August 2020. The CCPA requires companies that process personal information on California residents to make new disclosures to consumers about such companies' data collection, use, and sharing practices and inform consumers of their personal information rights such as deletion rights, allows consumers to opt out of certain data sharing with third parties, and provides a new cause of action for data breaches. In November 2020, California enacted the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (the "CPRA"), which amends and expands the scope of the CCPA, while introducing new privacy protections that extend beyond those included in the CCPA and its implementing regulations. The CCPA, as amended and expanded by the CPRA, is one of the most prescriptive general privacy laws in the United States and may lead to similar laws being enacted in other U.S. states or at the federal level. For example, the State of Nevada also passed a law effective on October 1, 2019, that amends the state's online privacy law to allow consumers to submit requests to prevent websites and online service providers ("Operators") from selling personally identifiable information that Operators collect through a website or online service. Further, on March 2, 2021, the Governor of Virginia signed into law the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (the "VCDPA"). The VCDPA creates consumer rights, similar to the CCPA, but also imposes security and assessment requirements for businesses. In addition, on July 7, 2021, Colorado, the state in which we are headquartered, enacted the Colorado Privacy Act ("CoCPA"), becoming the third comprehensive consumer privacy law to be passed in the United States (after the CCPA and VCDPA). Although the CoCPA closely resembles the VCDPA, both of which do not contain a private right of action and will instead be enforced by the respective states' Attorney General and district attorneys, the two differ in many ways and once they become enforceable in 2023, we must comply with each if our operations fall within the scope of these newly enacted comprehensive mandates. Prior efforts undertaken to comply with other recent privacy-related laws have proven that these initiatives require time to carefully plan, assess gaps in current compliance mechanisms, and implement new policies, processes and remediation efforts. Additionally, the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general are interpreting federal and state consumer protection laws to impose standards for the online collection, use, dissemination, and security of data. Each of these privacy, security, and data protection laws and regulations, and any other such changes or new laws or regulations, could impose significant limitations, require changes to our business model or practices, or restrict our use or storage of personal information, which may increase our compliance expenses and make our business more costly or less efficient to conduct. In addition, any such changes could compromise our ability to develop an adequate marketing strategy and pursue our growth strategy effectively, which, in turn, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. While we intend to strive to comply with applicable laws and regulations relating to privacy, data security, and data protection, given that the scope, interpretation, and application of these laws and regulations are often uncertain and may be in conflict across jurisdictions, it is possible that these obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our practices. Any failure or perceived failure by us or third-party service providers to comply with privacy or security policies or privacy-related legal obligations, or any compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personal data, may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation, or negative publicity, and could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
Ability to Sell
Total Risks: 8/37 (22%)Above Sector Average
Competition1 | 2.7%
Competition - Risk 1
Because we face intense competition, we may not be able to increase our market share which would materially and adversely affect us.
Our industry is highly competitive. It is possible that future competitors could enter our market, thereby causing us to lose market share and revenues or fail to grow our operations and market presence as intended or at all. In addition, some of our current or future competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do or may have more experience or advantages in the markets in which we will compete that will allow them to offer lower prices or higher quality products. If we do not successfully compete with these competitors, we could fail to develop a sufficient market share to achieve our goals and our future business prospects could be materially adversely affected.
Demand3 | 8.1%
Demand - Risk 1
Changed
If the market for hemp products declines, it would materially and adversely affect our business.
Following the passage of the 2018 Farm Bill described below, our industry experienced an influx of hemp farmers and producers which resulted in a saturated marketplace. As a result, the supply for hemp and related products has in the past exceeded demand. This trend could force us to reduce our prices to remain competitive or could result in lower sales levels than we have experienced in the past, either of which would result in a decline in revenue or growth rate and could materially adversely affect our financial condition and prospects.
Demand - Risk 2
If the market opportunities for our current and potential future products are less lucrative than anticipated, our ability to generate revenues may be adversely affected and our business may suffer.
Our understanding, expectation and estimates of the market for our current and future products may prove to be incorrect, and new test results or studies, reports, legislative or regulatory developments or other factors beyond our control may result in the market for our products being lower than anticipated on a regional, national or global scale. The number of individuals in the U.S. who are willing to purchase our products may be lower than expected, or expectations for repetitive purchases and consumption may prove to be incorrect. These occurrences could materially adversely affect our prospects and operational results.
Demand - Risk 3
If we fail to appropriately respond to changing consumer preferences and demand for new products, it could significantly harm our customer relationships and product sales and harm our operating results and financial condition.
Our business is subject to changing consumer trends and preferences, especially with respect to targeted nutrition and natural wellness products. Our success will depend in part on our ability to anticipate and respond to these changes, and we may not respond in a timely or commercially appropriate manner to such changes. Furthermore, the health and wellness industry are characterized by rapid and frequent changes in demand for products and new product introductions and enhancements. Our failure to accurately predict these trends could negatively impact consumer opinion of our products, which in turn could harm our customer relationships and product demands and cause the loss of sales. The success of our product offerings depends upon a number of factors, including our ability to: - Accurately anticipate consumer needs; - Successfully commercialize new products or product enhancements in a timely manner; - Price our products competitively; - Arrange for the production and delivery our products in sufficient volumes and in a timely manner; - Differentiate our products from those of our competitors; and - Innovate and develop new products or product enhancements that meet these trends. If we do not meet these challenges, some of our products could be rendered obsolete, which could negatively impact our operating results and financial condition.
Sales & Marketing1 | 2.7%
Sales & Marketing - Risk 1
If we fail to attract new customers in a cost-effective manner, our business may be harmed.
A large part of our success depends on our ability to attract new customers in a cost-effective manner. We have made, and may continue to make, significant investments in attracting new customers through increased advertising spends on social media, radio, podcasts, and targeted email communications, other media and events, sponsorships, and influencer sponsorships. Marketing campaigns can be expensive and may not result in the cost-effective acquisition of customers. Further, as our brand becomes more widely known, future marketing campaigns may not attract new customers at the same rate as past campaigns and the cost of acquiring new customers may increase over time. Additionally, regulation, algorithms, or participants in the digital marketing ecosystem may change rules for our industry or access to available demographics which may result in significant changes in the ability to target key demographic pools, impacting our ability to target our customers effectively. If we are unable to attract new customers, or fail to do so in a cost-effective manner, our business may be harmed.
Brand / Reputation3 | 8.1%
Brand / Reputation - Risk 1
Adverse publicity associated with our products or ingredients, or those of our competitors or similar businesses, could adversely affect our sales and revenue.
Adverse publicity concerning any actual or purported failure by us or our competitors to comply with applicable laws and regulations or concerning any other aspect of our business or the hemp industry could have an adverse effect on the public perception of us and our products. This, in turn, could negatively affect our ability to obtain financing, endorsers and attract distributors, retailers or consumers for our products, which would have a material adverse effect. Our distributors and customers' perception of the safety, utility and quality of our products or even similar products distributed by others can be significantly influenced by national media attention, publicized scientific research or findings, product liability claims and other publicity concerning our products or similar products distributed by others. Adverse publicity, whether accurate or not, that causes a perceived connection between consumption of our products or any similar products and illness or other adverse effects, will likely diminish the public's perception of and in turn the demand for our products. Claims that any products are ineffective, inappropriately labeled or have inaccurate instructions as to their use, could have a material adverse effect on the market demand for our products, including reducing our sales and revenue, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.
Brand / Reputation - Risk 2
The success of our business will depend upon our ability to create and expand our brand awareness.
The health and wellness and hemp markets we compete in are highly competitive, with many well-known brands leading the industry. Our competitors include hemp companies who have a longer history operating in these markets than we do. Our ability to compete effectively and generate revenue will be based upon our ability to create and expand awareness of our products distinct from those of our competitors. It is imperative that we are able to convey to consumers the benefits of our products both in general and as compared to competitive offerings. However, advertising, packaging and labeling of our products is limited by various regulations. Our success will be dependent upon our ability to convey to consumers that our products are superior to those of our competitors while complying with complex and varying regulations in the markets in which we attempt to market and sell them.
Brand / Reputation - Risk 3
If we are unable to develop and maintain our brand and reputation for our product offerings, our business and prospects could be materially harmed.
Our business and prospects depend, in part, on developing and then maintaining and strengthening our brand and reputation in the markets we serve. If problems with our products cause our customers to have a negative experience or failure or delay in the delivery of our products to our customers, our brand and reputation could be diminished. If we fail to develop, promote and maintain our brand and reputation successfully, our business and prospects could be materially harmed.
Tech & Innovation
Total Risks: 5/37 (14%)Below Sector Average
Innovation / R&D1 | 2.7%
Innovation / R&D - Risk 1
If we fail to develop and introduce new products it will adversely affect our future prospects.
Our industry is subject to rapid change. New products are constantly introduced to the market. Our ability to remain competitive depends in part on our ability to enhance existing products, to develop and manufacture new products in a timely and cost-effective manner, to adequately anticipate, prepare and execute strategies for market transitions, and to effectively market our products. Management believes that our future financial results will depend to a great extent on the successful expansion of our current product offerings and on the development and introduction of new products. We cannot be certain that we will be successful in selecting, developing, manufacturing and marketing new products or in improving upon or enhancing the market for existing products. The success of new product introductions or expansions to new territories depends on various factors, including, without limitation, the following: - Successful sales and marketing efforts; - Timely delivery of the products; - Availability of raw materials and/or sufficient production facilities; - Pricing of raw materials and labor; - Regulatory allowance and restrictions of the products; and - Market acceptance and consumer sentiment.
Trade Secrets4 | 10.8%
Trade Secrets - Risk 1
We may become involved in litigation or other proceedings relating to patent and other intellectual property rights.
A third party may sue us or our strategic collaborators for infringing its intellectual property rights. Likewise, we may need to resort to litigation to enforce licensed rights or to determine the scope and validity of third-party intellectual property rights. The cost to us of any litigation or other proceeding relating to intellectual property rights, even if resolved in our favor, could be substantial, and the litigation would divert our efforts. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources. If we do not prevail in this type of litigation, we or our strategic collaborators may be required to pay monetary damages; stop commercial activities relating to the affected products or services; obtain a license in order to continue manufacturing or marketing the affected products or services; or attempt to compete in the market with a substantially similar product. Uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any litigation could limit our ability to continue some of our operations. In addition, a court may require that we pay expenses or damages, and litigation could distract management or disrupt our commercial activities.
Trade Secrets - Risk 2
If we become involved in intellectual property litigation, such litigation is likely to be expensive and time-consuming and could be unsuccessful.
Our commercial success will depend in part on our avoiding infringement on the patents and proprietary rights of third parties for products we license or sell. There is substantial litigation, both within and outside the United States, involving patent and other intellectual property rights in the health and wellness industry, including patent infringement lawsuits, interferences, oppositions, and reexaminations and other post-grant proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and corresponding foreign patent offices. Numerous U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications which are owned by third parties may exist with products we may license and sell. Parties making intellectual property claims against us may obtain injunctive or other equitable relief, which could block our ability to further develop and commercialize one or more products. Defense of these claims, regardless of their merit, involves substantial litigation expense and would be a substantial diversion of our management's attention from our business. If a claim of infringement against us succeeds, we may have to pay substantial damages, possibly including treble damages and attorneys' fees for willful infringement, pay royalties, redesign our infringing products or obtain one or more licenses from third parties, which may be impossible or require substantial time and monetary expenditure. To counter infringement or unauthorized use claims against us, we may be required to file infringement claims in response, or we may be required to defend the validity or enforceability of any such intellectual property rights. In an infringement proceeding, a court may decide that either our or one or more of our licensors' intellectual property rights are not valid or is unenforceable or may refuse to stop the other party from using the underlying concepts or technology at issue because our intellectual property rights do not cover those elements. In any event, intellectual property litigation is expensive and time consuming and we may be unsuccessful in defending or enforcing such claims, which would materially harm our business.
Trade Secrets - Risk 3
Any inability to protect our intellectual property rights could reduce the value of our products and brands, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and business.
Our business is partly dependent upon our trademarks, trade secrets, copyrights and other intellectual property rights. Effective intellectual property rights protection, however, may not be available under the laws of every country in which we and our sub-licensees may operate. There is a risk of certain valuable trade secrets being exposed to potential infringers. Regardless of whether our compounds and technology are or becomes protected by patents or otherwise, there is a risk that other companies may employ such compounds or technology without authorization and without recompensing us. The efforts we take to protect our proprietary rights may not be sufficient or effective. Any significant impairment of our intellectual property rights could harm our business or our ability to compete. In addition, protecting our intellectual property rights is costly and time consuming. There is a risk that we may have insufficient resources to counter adequately such infringements through negotiation or the use of legal remedies. It may not be practicable or cost effective for us to fully protect our intellectual property rights in some countries or jurisdictions. If we are unable to successfully identify and stop unauthorized use of our intellectual property, we could lose potential revenue and experience increased operational and enforcement costs, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and business.
Trade Secrets - Risk 4
The intellectual property behind our products may include unpublished know-how, which is dependent on certain key individuals, as well as existing and pending intellectual property protection.
The commercialization of our products is partially dependent upon know-how and trade secrets held by certain individuals working with and for us. Because the expertise runs deep in these few individuals, if something were to happen to any or all of these individuals, the ability to properly manufacture our products without compromising quality and performance could be diminished greatly. Further, [while our employees and contractors are subject to non-disclosure obligations,] any misappropriation of confidential information including trade secrets and know-how could allow our competitors and others to overcome any advantage we have and reduce our market share and viability.
Production
Total Risks: 4/37 (11%)Below Sector Average
Manufacturing1 | 2.7%
Manufacturing - Risk 1
If we are unable to manufacture our products in sufficient quantities or at defined quality specifications or are unable to maintain regulatory approvals for our production facility, we may be unable to develop or meet demand for our products and lose time to market and potential revenues.
Commercialization of our products require access to, or development of, facilities to manufacture a sufficient supply of our products. In the future we may face difficulties in the development, production or distribution of our products. We may face competition for access to any third-party supply sources, development or production partners and facilities such as hemp growers and may be subject to production delays if any of those third parties give their other business partners a higher priority than they give to us. Even if we are able to identify additional or replacement third parties, the delays and costs associated with establishing and maintaining a relationship with such third parties may have a material adverse effect on us. Further, a reduction in the control of our production efforts would be inherent in any such outsourcing, which exposes us to a greater risk of liability, including regulatory enforcement actions for alleged noncompliance with law and product liability claims. This could also result in lower product quality which could negatively impact demand for our offerings or our competitive advantage. Any of these challenges could prevent us from achieving our business objectives and harm your investment in us.
Employment / Personnel1 | 2.7%
Employment / Personnel - Risk 1
Because we are highly dependent on the services of Leslie Buttorff, our sole executive officer, the loss of her and our inability to expand our management team, could harm our business.
Our success is largely dependent on the continued services of Leslie Buttorff, our Chief Executive Officer and principal stockholder. The loss of the services of Ms. Buttorff would leave us without executive leadership, which could diminish our business and growth opportunities. Additionally, Ms. Buttorff has business interests outside our company and a real estate holding company each of which hold shares in us as a result of the recent share exchange under the Exchange Agreement. Accordingly, from time-to-time she may not devote her full time and attention to our affairs, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, and there can be no assurance that a conflict of interest will not arise from her other business ventures. Further, as of December 31, 2023, Ms. Buttorff holds demand promissory notes totaling $11,397,617 at various interest rates ranging from 0% to 12%. Thus, she has the power to call the notes and obtain all our assets. Additionally, we have a line of credit with Ms. Buttorff through which it may borrow up to $8 million at a 10% annual interest rate. The fact that she continues to advance money and is our principal stockholder reflects her intent to support us. The loss of Ms. Buttorff would have a material adverse effect on us. We do not have key man insurance on the life of Ms. Buttorff. Ms. Buttorff's Employment Agreement with us (the "Employment Agreement") permits her to resign for good reason which includes our material breach of the Employment Agreement including our failure to pay her. In the event Ms. Buttorff terminates her Employment Agreement for good reason, this would result in the us owing her approximately $760,000 in severance pay plus any deferred compensation and earned bonuses and other benefits and would leave us without an executive officer which may have a material adverse effect upon us, your investment, and hamper our ability to continue operations. If we fail to procure the services of additional executive management or implement and execute an effective contingency or succession plan for Ms. Buttorff, the loss of Ms. Buttorff would significantly disrupt our business from which we may not be able to recover.
Supply Chain2 | 5.4%
Supply Chain - Risk 1
If we are unable to establish relationships with third parties to carry out sales, marketing, and distribution functions or to create effective marketing, sales, and distribution capabilities, we will be unable to market our products successfully.
Our business strategy includes using third parties to market and sell the products at the retail level. There can be no assurance that we will successfully be able to establish marketing, sales, or distribution relationships with a sufficient number of third parties to meet our goals, that such relationships, if established, will be successful, or that we will be successful in gaining market acceptance for current or future products. To the extent that we enter into any marketing, sales, or distribution arrangements with third parties, our product revenues per unit sold are expected to be lower than if we marketed, sold, and distributed our products directly, and any revenues we receive will depend upon the efforts of such third parties. If we are unable to establish such third-party marketing and sales relationships, we would have to establish and grow in-house marketing and sales capabilities. To market any products directly, we would have to build a marketing, sales, and distribution force that has technical expertise and could support a distribution capability. Competition in the health and wellness and cannabinoid industries for technically proficient marketing, sales, and distribution personnel is intense, and attracting and retaining such personnel may significantly increase our costs. There can be no assurance that we will be able to establish internal marketing, sales, or distribution capabilities or that these capabilities will be sufficient to meet our needs.
Supply Chain - Risk 2
Our products or third parties with whom we do business may not comply with health, safety and labelling standards.
We do not have control over all of the third parties involved in the sale of our products and their compliance with government health, safety and labelling standards. Even if our products meet these standards, they could otherwise become contaminated or fail, or the standards could be changed in a manner adverse to our operations or those of our business partners. A failure to meet these standards could occur in our operations or those of our distributors or suppliers. This could result in expensive production interruptions, recalls, regulatory investigations and enforcement actions and liability claims. Moreover, negative publicity could be generated from false, unfounded or nominal liability claims or limited recalls. Any of these failures or occurrences could negatively affect our business and financial performance.
Macro & Political
Total Risks: 2/37 (5%)Below Sector Average
Economy & Political Environment1 | 2.7%
Economy & Political Environment - Risk 1
Because of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine, the effect on the capital markets and the economy is uncertain, and as a result we may have to deal with a recessionary economy and economic uncertainty, including possible adverse effects upon our ability to raise capital as and when needed.
As a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, certain events are beginning to affect the global and U.S. economy including increased inflation, substantial increases in the prices of oil and gas, large Western companies ceasing to do business in Russia and uncertain capital markets with declines in leading market indexes. The duration of this war and its impact are at best uncertain. Ultimately the economy may turn into a recession with uncertain and potentially severe impacts upon public companies and us, including our ability to raise capital. We cannot predict how this will affect our operations or the industries in which we operate, however any such impact may be material and adverse.
International Operations1 | 2.7%
International Operations - Risk 1
Our planned expansion into international markets will involve inherent risks that we may not be able to control.
Our business plan includes the eventual marketing and sale of our products in international markets. Specifically, we do not currently have a set time frame for entering these markets. Accordingly, our operating results could be materially and adversely affected by a variety of uncontrollable and changing factors relating to international business operations, including: - Economic conditions adversely affecting geographic areas in which we intend to do business; - Foreign currency exchange rates; - Political or social unrest or economic instability in a specific country or region; - Higher costs of doing business in foreign countries; - Infringement claims on foreign patents, copyrights or trademark rights; - Difficulties in staffing and managing operations across disparate geographic areas; - Difficulties associated with enforcing agreements and intellectual property rights through foreign legal systems; - Trade protection measures and other regulatory requirements, which may affect our ability to import or export our products from or to various countries; - Adverse tax consequences; - Unexpected changes in legal and regulatory requirements and challenges in complying with varying requirements across jurisdictions; and - Military conflict, terrorist activities, natural disasters and medical epidemics. If we are unable to overcome these or other challenges in executing our planned expansion into international markets, our prospects would be materially adversely affected.
See a full breakdown of risk according to category and subcategory. The list starts with the category with the most risk. Click on subcategories to read relevant extracts from the most recent report.

FAQ

What are “Risk Factors”?
Risk factors are any situations or occurrences that could make investing in a company risky.
    The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that publicly traded companies disclose their most significant risk factors. This is so that potential investors can consider any risks before they make an investment.
      They also offer companies protection, as a company can use risk factors as liability protection. This could happen if a company underperforms and investors take legal action as a result.
        It is worth noting that smaller companies, that is those with a public float of under $75 million on the last business day, do not have to include risk factors in their 10-K and 10-Q forms, although some may choose to do so.
          How do companies disclose their risk factors?
          Publicly traded companies initially disclose their risk factors to the SEC through their S-1 filings as part of the IPO process.
            Additionally, companies must provide a complete list of risk factors in their Annual Reports (Form 10-K) or (Form 20-F) for “foreign private issuers”.
              Quarterly Reports also include a section on risk factors (Form 10-Q) where companies are only required to update any changes since the previous report.
                According to the SEC, risk factors should be reported concisely, logically and in “plain English” so investors can understand them.
                  How can I use TipRanks risk factors in my stock research?
                  Use the Risk Factors tab to get data about the risk factors of any company in which you are considering investing.
                    You can easily see the most significant risks a company is facing. Additionally, you can find out which risk factors a company has added, removed or adjusted since its previous disclosure. You can also see how a company’s risk factors compare to others in its sector.
                      Without reading company reports or participating in conference calls, you would most likely not have access to this sort of information, which is usually not included in press releases or other public announcements.
                        A simplified analysis of risk factors is unique to TipRanks.
                          What are all the risk factor categories?
                          TipRanks has identified 6 major categories of risk factors and a number of subcategories for each. You can see how these categories are broken down in the list below.
                          1. Financial & Corporate
                          • Accounting & Financial Operations - risks related to accounting loss, value of intangible assets, financial statements, value of intangible assets, financial reporting, estimates, guidance, company profitability, dividends, fluctuating results.
                          • Share Price & Shareholder Rights – risks related to things that impact share prices and the rights of shareholders, including analyst ratings, major shareholder activity, trade volatility, liquidity of shares, anti-takeover provisions, international listing, dual listing.
                          • Debt & Financing – risks related to debt, funding, financing and interest rates, financial investments.
                          • Corporate Activity and Growth – risks related to restructuring, M&As, joint ventures, execution of corporate strategy, strategic alliances.
                          2. Legal & Regulatory
                          • Litigation and Legal Liabilities – risks related to litigation/ lawsuits against the company.
                          • Regulation – risks related to compliance, GDPR, and new legislation.
                          • Environmental / Social – risks related to environmental regulation and to data privacy.
                          • Taxation & Government Incentives – risks related to taxation and changes in government incentives.
                          3. Production
                          • Costs – risks related to costs of production including commodity prices, future contracts, inventory.
                          • Supply Chain – risks related to the company’s suppliers.
                          • Manufacturing – risks related to the company’s manufacturing process including product quality and product recalls.
                          • Human Capital – risks related to recruitment, training and retention of key employees, employee relationships & unions labor disputes, pension, and post retirement benefits, medical, health and welfare benefits, employee misconduct, employee litigation.
                          4. Technology & Innovation
                          • Innovation / R&D – risks related to innovation and new product development.
                          • Technology – risks related to the company’s reliance on technology.
                          • Cyber Security – risks related to securing the company’s digital assets and from cyber attacks.
                          • Trade Secrets & Patents – risks related to the company’s ability to protect its intellectual property and to infringement claims against the company as well as piracy and unlicensed copying.
                          5. Ability to Sell
                          • Demand – risks related to the demand of the company’s goods and services including seasonality, reliance on key customers.
                          • Competition – risks related to the company’s competition including substitutes.
                          • Sales & Marketing – risks related to sales, marketing, and distribution channels, pricing, and market penetration.
                          • Brand & Reputation – risks related to the company’s brand and reputation.
                          6. Macro & Political
                          • Economy & Political Environment – risks related to changes in economic and political conditions.
                          • Natural and Human Disruptions – risks related to catastrophes, floods, storms, terror, earthquakes, coronavirus pandemic/COVID-19.
                          • International Operations – risks related to the global nature of the company.
                          • Capital Markets – risks related to exchange rates and trade, cryptocurrency.
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