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Pinstripes, Inc. (PNST)
:PNST
US Market
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Pinstripes (PNST) Risk Factors

97 Followers
Public companies are required to disclose risks that can affect the business and impact the stock. These disclosures are known as “Risk Factors”. Companies disclose these risks in their yearly (Form 10-K), quarterly earnings (Form 10-Q), or “foreign private issuer” reports (Form 20-F). Risk factors show the challenges a company faces. Investors can consider the worst-case scenarios before making an investment. TipRanks’ Risk Analysis categorizes risks based on proprietary classification algorithms and machine learning.

Pinstripes disclosed 97 risk factors in its most recent earnings report. Pinstripes reported the most risks in the “Finance & Corporate” category.

Risk Overview Q3, 2023

Risk Distribution
97Risks
78% Finance & Corporate
11% Legal & Regulatory
7% Production
2% Ability to Sell
1% Tech & Innovation
0% Macro & Political
Finance & Corporate - Financial and accounting risks. Risks related to the execution of corporate activity and strategy
This chart displays the stock's most recent risk distribution according to category. TipRanks has identified 6 major categories: Finance & corporate, legal & regulatory, macro & political, production, tech & innovation, and ability to sell.

Risk Change Over Time

S&P500 Average
Sector Average
Risks removed
Risks added
Risks changed
Pinstripes Risk Factors
New Risk (0)
Risk Changed (0)
Risk Removed (0)
No changes from previous report
The chart shows the number of risks a company has disclosed. You can compare this to the sector average or S&P 500 average.

The quarters shown in the chart are according to the calendar year (January to December). Businesses set their own financial calendar, known as a fiscal year. For example, Walmart ends their financial year at the end of January to accommodate the holiday season.

Risk Highlights Q3, 2023

Main Risk Category
Finance & Corporate
With 76 Risks
Finance & Corporate
With 76 Risks
Number of Disclosed Risks
97
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
97
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
Recent Changes
8Risks added
0Risks removed
2Risks changed
Since Sep 2023
8Risks added
0Risks removed
2Risks changed
Since Sep 2023
Number of Risk Changed
2
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 3
2
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 3
See the risk highlights of Pinstripes in the last period.

Risk Word Cloud

The most common phrases about risk factors from the most recent report. Larger texts indicate more widely used phrases.

Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 97

Finance & Corporate
Total Risks: 76/97 (78%)Above Sector Average
Share Price & Shareholder Rights47 | 48.5%
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
Added
An active, liquid trading market for the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's securities may not develop, which may limit your ability to sell such securities.
Although we intend to apply to list the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's common stock on the NYSE or Nasdaq, an active trading market for such securities may never develop or be sustained following the Closing. A public trading market having the desirable characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends upon the existence of willing buyers and sellers at any given time, such existence being dependent upon the individual decisions of buyers and sellers over which neither we nor any market maker has control. The failure of an active and liquid trading market to develop and continue would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's common stock. The market price of the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's common stock may decline, and you may not be able to sell your Post-Business Combination Surviving Company common stock at all. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations by issuing Post-Business Combination Surviving Company common stock.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
Our public stockholders may not be afforded an opportunity to vote on our proposed business combination, which means we may complete our Initial Business Combination even if a majority of our public stockholders do not support such a combination.
We may choose not to hold a stockholder vote to approve our Initial Business Combination if the business combination would not require stockholder approval under applicable law or stock exchange rules unless we decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other reasons. For instance, NYSE listing rules currently allow us to engage in a tender offer in lieu of a stockholder meeting, but would require us to obtain stockholder approval if we were seeking to issue more than 20% of our issued and outstanding shares in connection with any business combination. Therefore, if we were structuring a business combination that required us to issue more than 20% of our issued and outstanding shares, we would seek stockholder approval of such business combination. However, except as required by applicable law or stock exchange rules, the decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or will allow stockholders to sell their shares to us in a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would otherwise require us to seek stockholder approval. Accordingly, we may consummate our Initial Business Combination even if holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock do not approve of the business combination we consummate.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
If we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination, our initial stockholders, directors, officers and special advisor have agreed to vote in favor of such Initial Business Combination, regardless of how our public stockholders vote.
Our initial stockholders, directors, officers and special advisor have agreed (and their permitted transferees are required to agree), pursuant to the terms of a letter agreement entered into with us, to vote their Founder Shares and any public shares held by them in favor of our Initial Business Combination. We expect that our initial stockholders and their permitted transferees will own at least 23% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock at the time of any such stockholder vote. As a result, in addition to our initial stockholders' Founder Shares, we would need 8,452,501, or 35.0% (assuming all issued and outstanding shares are voted and our initial stockholders have not purchased additional shares), or 603,751, or 2.50% (assuming only the minimum number of shares representing a quorum are voted), of the 24,150,000 public shares sold in our Initial Public Offering to be voted in favor of an Initial Business Combination in order to have such Initial Business Combination approved (unless a greater vote is required by applicable law or stock exchange rules). Accordingly, if we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination, it is more likely that the necessary stockholder approval will be received than would be the case if such persons agreed to vote their Founder Shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by our public stockholders.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
The only opportunity for our public stockholders to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination will be limited to the exercise of their right to redeem shares from us for cash, unless we seek stockholder approval of such business combination.
Only after we enter into a definitive agreement regarding an Initial Business Combination will our public stockholders be provided with certain information regarding an opportunity to evaluate the specific merits or risks of any target businesses. Additionally, since our board of directors may cause the Company to complete a business combination without seeking stockholder approval, public stockholders may not have the right or opportunity to vote on the business combination, unless we seek such stockholder approval. Accordingly, if we do not seek stockholder approval, the only opportunity for our public stockholders to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination may be limited to exercising redemption rights within the period of time set forth in our tender offer documents (which will be at least 20 business days) mailed to our public stockholders in which we describe the potential Initial Business Combination.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
The ability of our public stockholders to redeem their shares for cash may make our financial condition unattractive to potential business combination targets, which may make it difficult for us to enter into a business combination with a target.
We may seek to enter into a business combination transaction agreement with a prospective target that requires as a closing condition that we have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. If public stockholders holding too many public shares exercise their redemption rights, we would not be able to meet such closing condition and, as a result, would not be able to proceed with the business combination. Furthermore, in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 following such redemptions, or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement that may be contained in the agreement relating to our Initial Business Combination. Consequently, if accepting all properly submitted redemption requests would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 or such greater amount necessary to satisfy a closing condition as described above, we would not proceed with such redemption and the related business combination and may instead search for an alternate business combination (including, potentially, with the same target). Prospective targets will be aware of these risks and, thus, may be reluctant to enter into a business combination transaction with us.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6
The ability of our public stockholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares may not allow us to complete the most desirable business combination or optimize our capital structure.
At the time we enter into an agreement for our Initial Business Combination, we will not know how many stockholders may exercise their redemption rights and, therefore, we will need to structure the transaction based on our expectations as to the number of shares that will be submitted for redemption. If our Initial Business Combination agreement requires us to use a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to pay the purchase price, or requires us to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, we will need to reserve a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to meet such requirements, or arrange for third-party financing. In addition, if a larger number of shares are submitted for redemption than we initially expected, we may need to restructure the transaction to reserve a greater portion of the cash in the Trust Account or arrange for third-party financing. Raising additional third-party financing may involve dilutive equity issuances or the incurrence of indebtedness at higher than desirable levels. Furthermore, the dilution of any equity issuances would increase to the extent that the anti-dilution provision of the Class B common stock results in the issuance of Class A common stock on a greater than one-to-one basis upon conversion of the Class B common stock at the time of our Initial Business Combination. In addition, the amount of the deferred underwriting commissions payable to the underwriters will not be adjusted for any shares that are redeemed in connection with an Initial Business Combination. The per-share amount we will distribute to stockholders who properly exercise their redemption rights will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting commission and after such redemptions, the amount held in trust will continue to reflect our obligation to pay the entire deferred underwriting commissions. The above considerations may limit our ability to complete the most desirable business combination available to us or optimize our capital structure.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7
The ability of our public stockholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares could increase the probability that our Initial Business Combination would be unsuccessful and that stockholders would have to wait for liquidation in order to redeem their shares.
If our Initial Business Combination agreement requires us to use a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to pay the purchase price, or requires us to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, the probability that our Initial Business Combination would be unsuccessful increases. If no Initial Business Combination is successful, our stockholders would not receive their pro rata portion of the Trust Account until we liquidate the Trust Account. If a stockholder is in need of immediate liquidity, the stockholder could attempt to sell shares in the open market; however, at such time our shares may trade at a discount to the pro rata amount per share in the Trust Account. In either situation, stockholders may suffer a material loss on their investment or lose the benefit of funds expected in connection with our redemption until we liquidate or the stockholder is able to sell shares in the open market.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 8
Because we offered our Units to the public at a price per unit of $10.00 in our Initial Public Offering, and our Trust Account initially contained $10.20 per share of Class A common stock (which amount may be increased if we extend the time to complete a business combination pursuant to any Funded Extension Period), public stockholders may be incentivized to redeem their public shares at the time of our Initial Business Combination.
We offered our Units to the public at a price per unit of $10.00 in our Initial Public Offering, and our Trust Account contained $10.20 per share of Class A common stock at the closing of our Initial Public Offering (which amount may be increased if we extend the time to complete a business combination pursuant to any Funded Extension Period). This is different than some other similarly structured blank check companies for which the trust account only contains $10.00 per share of Class A common stock. As a result of the additional funds that could be available to public stockholders upon redemption of Class A common stock, our public stockholders may be more incentivized to redeem their public shares and not to hold their shares through our Initial Business Combination. A higher percentage of redemptions by our public stockholders could make it more difficult for us to complete our Initial Business Combination.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 9
Our public stockholders will not be entitled to vote or redeem their shares in connection with any Funded Extension Periods, whether as a result of an Extension Payment or a definitive agreement.
If we anticipate that we may not be able to consummate our Initial Business Combination within 15 months from the closing of our Initial Public Offering (i.e., by April 24, 2023), we may, at our Sponsor's option, extend the period of time to consummate a business combination up to two times without stockholder approval, each for an additional three months (for a total of up to 21 months to complete a business combination (i.e., by October 24, 2023)), so long as our Sponsor and/or its affiliates or designees deposit into the Trust Account: (i) with respect to a single Funded Extension Period, an additional $0.10 per Unit (for an aggregate of $2,415,000), and (ii) with respect to two consecutive Funded Extension Periods, an Extension Payment prior to each Funded Extension Period, or $0.20 per unit in the aggregate (for an aggregate $4,830,000), upon five days advance notice prior to the applicable deadline pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the trust agreement entered into between us and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company. However, if, prior to the time that an Extension Payment would otherwise be due for either Funded Extension Period, we enter into a definitive agreement with respect to our Initial Business Combination, no Extension Payment will be required for that Funded Extension Period, and the combination period will be extended for the duration of that Funded Extension Period; provided, that our entry into a definitive agreement may only be used to substitute for a single Extension Payment. Our public stockholders will not be entitled to vote or redeem their shares in connection with any Funded Extension Periods, whether as a result of an Extension Payment or a definitive agreement. As a result, we may affect such an extension even if a majority of our public stockholders do not support such an extension and none of our public stockholders will be able to redeem their shares in connection with such an extension. This feature is different than the traditional special purpose acquisition company structure, in which any extension of the company's period to complete a business combination would require a vote of the company's stockholders, with such stockholders having the right to redeem their public shares in connection with such vote. We may also choose to pursue an extension of the time to complete our business combination without depositing additional funds into the Trust Account, which, consistent with a traditional special purpose acquisition company structure, would require a vote of the company's stockholders and in connection with which stockholders would have the right to redeem their public shares.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 10
Our Sponsor may decide not to extend the term we have to consummate our Initial Business Combination, in which case we would cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up and we would redeem our public shares and liquidate, and the Warrants will be worthless.
We currently have 15 months (subject to certain extensions, including, if available, pursuant to Funded Extension Periods) from the closing of our Initial Public Offering (i.e., until April 24, 2023) to consummate our Initial Business Combination. This 15 month period is shorter than the period of 18 to 24 months that most special purpose acquisition companies have to consummate their Initial Business Combination. As a result, we may have more difficulty consummating our Initial Business Combination prior to the end of the term for doing so. Our Sponsor or its affiliates or designees may seek to extend the time we have to complete our business combination by depositing additional funds into the Trust Account pursuant to a Funded Extension Period or by seeking stockholder approval to extend such period of time, but they are not obligated to do so. If we are unable to consummate our Initial Business Combination within the applicable time period, we will, as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than five business days thereafter, redeem our public shares for a pro rata portion of the funds held in the Trust Account and as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. In such event, the Warrants included in the Units purchased in our Initial Public Offering will be worthless.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 11
If we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination, our Sponsor, directors, officers, special advisor or any of their respective affiliates may elect to purchase shares or Warrants from public stockholders, which may influence a vote on a proposed business combination and reduce the public "float" of our securities.
If we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our Initial Business Combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our Sponsor, directors, officers, special advisor or any of their respective affiliates may purchase public shares or Warrants in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market either prior to or following the completion of our Initial Business Combination. Any such price per share may be different than the amount per share a public stockholder would receive if it elected to redeem its shares in connection with our Initial Business Combination. Additionally, at any time at or prior to our Initial Business Combination, subject to applicable securities laws (including with respect to material nonpublic information), our Sponsor, directors, officers, special advisor or any of their respective affiliates may enter into transactions with investors and others to provide them with incentives to acquire public shares, vote their public shares in favor of our Initial Business Combination or not redeem their public shares. However, our Sponsor, directors, officers, special advisor or any of their respective affiliates are under no obligation or duty to do so and they have no current commitments, plans or intentions to engage in such transactions and have not formulated any terms or conditions for any such transactions. The purpose of such purchases could be to vote such shares in favor of our Initial Business Combination and thereby increase the likelihood of obtaining stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination or to satisfy a closing condition in an agreement with a target that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash at the closing of our Initial Business Combination, where it appears that such requirement would otherwise not be met. The purpose of any such purchases of Public Warrants could be to reduce the number of Public Warrants outstanding or to vote such Warrants on any matters submitted to the Warrant holders for approval in connection with our Initial Business Combination. This may result in the completion of our Initial Business Combination that may not otherwise have been possible. In addition, if such purchases are made, the public "float" of our securities and the number of beneficial holders of our securities may be reduced, possibly making it difficult to maintain or obtain the quotation, listing or trading of our securities on a national securities exchange.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 12
If a stockholder fails to receive notice of our offer to redeem our public shares in connection with our Initial Business Combination, or fails to comply with the procedures for tendering its shares, such shares may not be redeemed.
We will comply with the tender offer rules or proxy rules, as applicable, when conducting redemptions in connection with our Initial Business Combination. Despite our compliance with these rules, if a stockholder fails to receive our tender offer or proxy materials, as applicable, such stockholder may not become aware of the opportunity to redeem its shares. In addition, the tender offer documents or proxy materials, as applicable, that we will furnish to holders of our public shares in connection with our Initial Business Combination will describe the various procedures that must be complied with in order to validly tender or redeem public shares. For example, we may require our public stockholders seeking to exercise their redemption rights, whether they are record holders or hold their shares in "street name," to either tender their certificates to our transfer agent prior to the date set forth in the tender offer or proxy materials documents mailed to such holders, or up to two business days prior to the scheduled vote on the proposal to approve the Initial Business Combination in the event we distribute proxy materials, or to deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically. In the event that a stockholder fails to comply with these procedures, its shares may not be redeemed.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 13
Our public stockholders will not be entitled to certain protections afforded to investors of some other blank check companies.
Since the net proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants are intended to be used to complete an Initial Business Combination with a target business that has not been selected, we may be deemed to be a "blank check" company under the U.S. securities laws. However, because our net tangible assets exceed $5,000,000, we are exempt from rules promulgated by the SEC to protect investors in blank check companies, such as Rule 419. Accordingly, investors will not be afforded the benefits or protections of those rules. Among other things, this means our Units were immediately tradable following our Initial Public Offering and we will have a longer period of time to complete our Initial Business Combination than do companies subject to Rule 419.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 14
If we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination and we do not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, and if a stockholder or a "group" of stockholders are deemed to hold in excess of 15% of our Class A common stock, our public stockholders will lose the ability to redeem all such shares in excess of 15% of our Class A common stock.
If we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our Initial Business Combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a "group" (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% of the shares sold in our Initial Public Offering, which we refer to as the "Excess Shares," without our prior consent. However, we would not be restricting our stockholders' ability to vote all of their shares (including Excess Shares) for or against our Initial Business Combination. A stockholder's inability to redeem Excess Shares will reduce the stockholder's influence over our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination and such stockholders could suffer a material loss on an investment in us upon a sale of Excess Shares in open market transactions. Additionally, such stockholders will not receive redemption distributions with respect to Excess Shares if we complete our Initial Business Combination. And as a result, such stockholders would continue to hold that number of shares exceeding 15% and, in order to dispose of such shares, would be required to sell their shares in open market transactions, potentially at a loss.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 15
Added
The exercise of the Company's directors' and executive officers' discretion in agreeing to changes or waivers in the terms of the Business Combination may result in a conflict of interest when determining whether such changes to the terms of the Business Combination or waivers of conditions are appropriate and in the Company's stockholders' best interests.
In the period leading up to the Closing, events may occur that, pursuant to the Amended Pinstripes Agreement, would require the Company to consider agreeing to amend the Amended Pinstripes Agreement, to consent to certain actions taken by Pinstripes or to waiving rights to which the Company is entitled under the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. Such events could arise because of changes in the course of Pinstripes's business or a request by Pinstripes to undertake actions that would otherwise be prohibited by the terms of the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. In any of such circumstances, it would be at the Company's discretion, acting through board of directors of the Company, to grant its consent or waive those rights. The existence of financial and personal interests of one or more of the directors described in the preceding risk factors may result in a conflict of interest on the part of such director(s) between what such director may believe is best for the Company and its stockholders and what such director may believe is best for themselves in determining whether or not to take the requested action. The Company does not believe there will be any changes or waivers that the Company's directors and executive officers would be likely to make after stockholder approval of the Business Combination proposal has been obtained.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 16
Our directors may decide not to enforce the indemnification obligations of our Sponsor, resulting in a reduction in the amount of funds in the Trust Account available for distribution to our public stockholders.
In the event that the proceeds in the Trust Account are reduced below the lesser of (1) $10.20 per public share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period) or (2) such lesser amount per share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of interest which may be withdrawn to pay taxes, and our Sponsor asserts that it is unable to satisfy its obligations or that it has no indemnification obligations related to a particular claim, our independent directors would determine whether to take legal action against our Sponsor to enforce its indemnification obligations. While we currently expect that our independent directors would take legal action on our behalf against our Sponsor to enforce its indemnification obligations to us, it is possible that our independent directors in exercising their business judgment may choose not to do so in any particular instance. If our independent directors choose not to enforce these indemnification obligations, the amount of funds in the Trust Account available for distribution to our public stockholders may be reduced below $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period).
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 17
If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the combination period or during any Stockholder Approval Extension Period, our public stockholders may be forced to wait beyond such period before any redemption of funds from our Trust Account may occur.
If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the combination period or during any Stockholder Approval Extension Period, we will distribute the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to us to pay our taxes, if any (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses and which interest shall be net of taxes payable thereon), pro rata to our public stockholders by way of redemption and cease all operations except for the purposes of winding up of our affairs, as further described herein. Any redemption of public stockholders from the Trust Account shall be effected automatically by function of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prior to any voluntary winding up. If we are required to windup, liquidate the Trust Account and distribute such amount therein, pro rata, to our public stockholders, as part of any liquidation process, such winding up, liquidation and distribution are subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. In that case, investors may be forced to wait beyond the combination period before the redemption proceeds of our Trust Account become available to them and they receive the return of their pro rata portion of the proceeds from our Trust Account. We have no obligation to return funds to investors prior to the date of our redemption or liquidation unless, prior thereto, we consummate our Initial Business Combination or amend certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and then only in cases where investors have properly sought to redeem their shares of Class A common stock. Only upon our redemption or any liquidation will public stockholders be entitled to distributions if we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period and do not amend certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prior thereto.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 18
Our stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them upon redemption of their shares.
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against a corporation to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution. The pro rata portion of our Trust Account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our Initial Business Combination within the required time period may be considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law. If a corporation complies with certain procedures set forth in Section 280 of the DGCL intended to ensure that it makes reasonable provision for all claims against it, including a 60-day notice period during which any third-party claims can be brought against the corporation, a 90-day period during which the corporation may reject any claims brought, and an additional 150-day waiting period before any liquidating distributions are made to stockholders, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder's pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution. However, it is our intention to redeem our public shares as soon as reasonably possible following the 15th month (or the 18th month, in the event we decided to exercise our right to enact one of the available three month Funded Extension Periods, or the 21st month, in the event we decide to exercise our right to enact both of the available three month Funded Extension Periods, or the 23rd month, in the event the charter is amended and if the Extension Option is exercised) from the closing of our Initial Public Offering (or the end of any Stockholder Approval Extension Period) in the event we do not complete our Initial Business Combination, and, therefore, we do not intend to comply with the foregoing procedures. Because we do not intend to comply with Section 280, Section 281(b) of the DGCL requires us to adopt a plan, based on facts known to us at such time that will provide for our payment of all existing and pending claims or claims that may be potentially brought against us within the ten years following our dissolution. However, because we are a blank check company, rather than an operating company, and our operations will be limited to searching for prospective target businesses to acquire, the only likely claims to arise would be from our vendors (such as lawyers, investment bankers, consultants, etc.) or prospective target businesses. If our plan of distribution complies with Section 281(b) of the DGCL, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder's pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would likely be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will properly assess all claims that may be potentially brought against us. As such, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them (but no more) and any liability of our stockholders may extend beyond the third anniversary of such date. Furthermore, if the pro rata portion of our Trust Account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our Initial Business Combination within the required time period is not considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law and such redemption distribution is deemed to be unlawful, then pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL, the statute of limitations for claims of creditors could then be six years after the unlawful redemption distribution, instead of three years, as in the case of a liquidating distribution.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 19
We may not hold an annual stockholder meeting until after the consummation of our Initial Business Combination. Our public stockholders will not have the right to elect or remove directors prior to the consummation of our Initial Business Combination.
In accordance with NYSE corporate governance requirements, we are not required to hold an annual meeting until one year after our first fiscal year end following our listing on NYSE. As a result, we may not hold an annual meeting of stockholders until after we consummate our Initial Business Combination and thus may not be in compliance with Section 211(b) of the DGCL, which requires an annual meeting of stockholders be held for the purposes of electing directors in accordance with a company's bylaws unless such election is made by written consent in lieu of such a meeting. Therefore, if our stockholders want us to hold an annual meeting prior to our consummation of our Initial Business Combination, they may attempt to force us to hold one by submitting an application to the Delaware Court of Chancery in accordance with Section 211(c) of the DGCL. Until we hold an annual meeting of stockholders, public stockholders may not be afforded the opportunity to discuss company affairs with management. In addition, prior to our Initial Business Combination, (a) as holders of our Class A common stock, our public stockholders will not have the right to vote on the election of our directors, and (b) holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock may remove a member of our board of directors for any reason.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 20
The grant of registration rights to our initial stockholders and their permitted transferees may make it more difficult to complete our Initial Business Combination, and the future exercise of such rights may adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.
Pursuant to an agreement entered into in connection with our Initial Public Offering, at or after the time of our Initial Business Combination, our initial stockholders and their permitted transferees can demand that we register the resale of their shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of the Founder Shares. In addition, our Sponsor and its permitted transferees can demand that we register the resale of the Private Placement Warrants and the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants, and holders of Warrants that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans may demand that we register the resale of such Warrants or the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of such Warrants. We will bear the cost of registering these securities. The registration and availability of such a significant number of securities for trading in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, the existence of the registration rights may make our Initial Business Combination more costly or difficult to conclude. This is because the stockholders of the target business may increase the equity stake they seek in the combined entity or ask for more cash consideration to offset the negative impact on the market price of our Class A common stock that is expected when the shares of common stock owned by our initial stockholders or their permitted transferees, our Private Placement Warrants or Warrants issued in connection with working capital loans are registered for resale.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 21
We are not required to obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or from an independent accounting firm regarding fairness. Consequently, our stockholders may have no assurance from an independent source that the price we are paying for the business is fair to our company from a financial point of view.
Unless we complete our Initial Business Combination with an affiliated entity, we are not required to obtain an opinion that the price we are paying is fair to our Company from a financial point of view. If no opinion is obtained, our stockholders will be relying on the judgment of our board of directors, who will determine fair market value based on standards generally accepted by the financial community. Such standards used will be disclosed in our tender offer documents or proxy solicitation materials, as applicable, related to our Initial Business Combination. ?
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We may engage one or more of the underwriters of our Initial Public Offering or one of their respective affiliates to provide additional services, which may include acting as financial advisor in connection with an Initial Business Combination or as placement agent in connection with a related financing transaction. Such underwriters are entitled to receive deferred commissions that will be released from the Trust Account only upon completion of an Initial Business Combination. These financial incentives may cause them to have potential conflicts of interest in rendering any such additional services to us, including, for example, in connection with the sourcing and consummation of an Initial Business Combination.
We may engage one or more of the underwriters of our Initial Public Offering or one of their respective affiliates to provide additional services, including, for example, identifying potential business combination targets, providing financial advisory services, acting as a placement agent in a private equity offering or arranging debt financing. We may pay such underwriter or its affiliate fair and reasonable fees or other compensation that would be determined at that time in an arm's length negotiation. The underwriters of our Initial Public Offering are also entitled to receive deferred commissions that are conditioned on the completion of an Initial Business Combination. The fact that the underwriters' or their respective affiliates' financial interests are tied to the consummation of a business combination transaction may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in providing any such additional services to us, including potential conflicts of interest in connection with the sourcing and consummation of an Initial Business Combination.
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We may issue additional shares of Class A common stock or preferred shares to complete our Initial Business Combination or under an employee incentive plan after completion of our Initial Business Combination. We may also issue shares of Class A common stock upon the conversion of the Class B common stock at a ratio greater than one-to-one at the time of our Initial Business Combination as a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Any such issuances would dilute the interest of our stockholders and likely present other risks.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 240,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 60,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Immediately after our Initial Public Offering, there were 215,850,000 and 52,755,000 authorized but unissued shares of Class A and Class B common stock, respectively, available for issuance, which amount does not take into account shares reserved for issuance upon exercise of outstanding Warrants but not upon conversion of the Class B common stock. At the time of our Initial Business Combination, shares of our Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of our Class A common stock, initially set at a one-for-one ratio but subject to adjustment as set forth herein. As of December 31, 2022 and immediately after our Initial Public Offering, there were no preferred shares issued and outstanding. We may issue a substantial number of additional shares of Class A common stock, and may issue shares of preferred stock, in order to complete our Initial Business Combination or under an employee incentive plan after completion of our Initial Business Combination. We may also issue shares of Class A common stock to redeem the Warrants or upon conversion of the Class B common stock at a ratio greater than one-to-one at the time of our Initial Business Combination as a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. However, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides, among other things, that prior to our Initial Business Combination, we may not issue additional shares of capital stock that would entitle the holders thereof to (1) receive funds from the Trust Account or (2) vote pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation on any Initial Business Combination or any amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. The issuance of additional shares of common or preferred stock: - may significantly dilute the equity interest of investors in our securities, which dilution would increase if the anti-dilution provisions in the Class B common stock resulted in the issuance of shares of Class A common stock on a greater than one-to-one basis upon conversion of the Class B common stock;- may subordinate the rights of holders of common stock if shares of preferred stock are issued with rights senior to those afforded our common stock;- could cause a change of control if a substantial number of shares of our common stock is issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present directors and officers;- may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of a person seeking to obtain control of us;- may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our securities; and - may not result in adjustment to the exercise price of our Warrants.
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Since our initial stockholders will lose their entire investment in us if our Initial Business Combination is not completed, a conflict of interest may arise in determining whether a particular business combination target is appropriate for our Initial Business Combination.
On March 16, 2021, our Sponsor paid $25,000, or approximately $0.003 per share, to cover certain of our offering costs in consideration of 8,625,000 Founder Shares, par value $0.0001 per share, and an aggregate of 142,500 of such shares were subsequently transferred to our independent directors, executive officers and special advisor and other third parties. On November 30, 2021, our Sponsor voluntarily forfeited certain Founder Shares such that our initial stockholders, consisting of our Sponsor, independent directors, certain advisors and an additional party collectively held 6,900,000 Founder Shares. On January 19, 2022, we effectuated a 1.05-for-1 stock split such that our initial stockholders, consisting of our Sponsor, independent directors, certain advisors and an additional party collectively held 7,245,000 Founder Shares following such stock split. Following our Initial Public Offering, our initial stockholders collectively owned approximately 23% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. The Founder Shares will be worthless if we do not complete an Initial Business Combination. In addition, our Sponsor has purchased an aggregate of 10,860,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant (for an aggregate of $10,860,000), and the underwriters have purchased an aggregate of 1,050,000 Private Placement Warrants, also at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant (for an aggregate of $1,050,000), in each case pursuant to a written agreement in a private placement that closed simultaneously with the closing of our Initial Public Offering, and such Private Placement Warrants will also be worthless if we do not complete a business combination. Each Private Placement Warrant may be exercised for one share of our Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The personal and financial interests of our Sponsor, directors, officers and special advisor may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business combination, completing an Initial Business Combination and influencing the operation of the business following the Initial Business Combination. This risk may become more acute as the deadline for completing our Initial Business Combination nears.
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We do not have a specified maximum redemption threshold. The absence of such a redemption threshold may make it possible for us to complete a business combination with which a substantial majority of our stockholders do not agree.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not provide a specified maximum redemption threshold, except that in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 following such redemptions, or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement that may be contained in the agreement relating to our Initial Business Combination. As a result, we may be able to complete our Initial Business Combination even if a substantial majority of our public stockholders do not agree with the transaction and have redeemed their shares or, if we seek stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination and do not conduct redemptions in connection with our Initial Business Combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, have entered into privately negotiated agreements to sell their shares to our Sponsor, directors, officers, special advisor or any of their respective affiliates. In the event the aggregate cash consideration we would be required to pay for all public shares that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms of the proposed business combination exceed the aggregate amount of cash available to us, we will not complete the business combination or redeem any shares, and all shares of Class A common stock submitted for redemption will be returned to the holders thereof, and we instead may search for an alternate business combination (including, potentially, with the same target).
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In order to effectuate an Initial Business Combination, blank check companies have, in the past, amended various provisions of their charters and modified governing instruments, including their warrant agreements. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will not seek to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or governing instruments, including our warrant agreement, in a manner that will make it easier for us to complete our Initial Business Combination that some of our stockholders or Warrant holders may not support.
In order to effectuate an Initial Business Combination, blank check companies have, in the past, amended various provisions of their charters and modified governing instruments, including their warrant agreements. For example, blank check companies have amended the definition of business combination, increased redemption thresholds, extended the time to consummate an Initial Business Combination and, with respect to their Warrants, amended their warrant agreements to require the Warrants to be exchanged for cash and/or other securities. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will not seek to amend our charter or governing instruments or extend the time to consummate an Initial Business Combination in order to effectuate our Initial Business Combination. To the extent any such amendment would be deemed to fundamentally change the nature of any of our registered securities, we would register, or seek an exemption from registration for, the affected securities.
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Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that relate to our pre-business combination activity (and corresponding provisions of the agreement governing the release of funds from our Trust Account) may be amended with the approval of holders of at least 65% of our outstanding common stock, which is a lower amendment threshold than that of some other blank check companies. It may be easier for us, therefore, to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the trust agreement to facilitate the completion of an Initial Business Combination that some of our stockholders may not support.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that any of its provisions (other than amendments relating to the election or removal of directors prior to our Initial Business Combination, which require the approval by holders of a majority of at least 90% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock voting at a stockholder meeting) related to pre-business combination activity (including the requirement to deposit proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants into the Trust Account and not release such amounts except in specified circumstances and to provide redemption rights to public stockholders as described herein) may be amended if approved by holders of at least 65% of our issued and outstanding common stock, and corresponding provisions of the trust agreement governing the release of funds from our Trust Account may be amended if approved by holders of at least 65% of our issued and outstanding common stock. Unless specified in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws, or as required by applicable law or stock exchange rules, the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock that are voted is required to approve any such matter voted on by our stockholders, and, prior to our Initial Business Combination, the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock is required to approve the election or removal of directors. We may not issue additional securities that can vote pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation on any Initial Business Combination or any amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Our initial stockholders, who beneficially owned 23% of our common stock upon the closing of our Initial Public Offering, may participate in any vote to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and/or trust agreement and will have the discretion to vote in any manner they choose. As a result, we may be able to amend the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation which will govern our pre-business combination behavior more easily than some other blank check companies, and this may increase our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination with which our public stockholders do not agree. Our Sponsor, officers, directors and special advisor have agreed, pursuant to a written agreement, that they will not propose any amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to allow redemptions in connection with our Initial Business Combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our Initial Business Combination within the combination period or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders' rights or pre-Initial Business Combination activity, unless we provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their shares of Class A common stock upon approval of any such amendment at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to us to pay our taxes, if any (which interest shall be net of taxes payable thereon), divided by the number of then issued and outstanding public shares. These agreements are contained in a letter agreement that we have entered into with our Sponsor, directors, officers and special advisor. Our public stockholders are not parties to, or third-party beneficiaries of, this agreement and, as a result, will not have the ability to pursue remedies against our Sponsor, directors, officers or special advisor for any breach of these agreements. As a result, in the event of a breach, our public stockholders would need to pursue a stockholder derivative action, subject to applicable law.
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Our initial stockholders will control the election of our board of directors until consummation of our Initial Business Combination and will hold a substantial interest in us. As a result, they will elect all of our directors prior to our Initial Business Combination and may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a stockholder vote, potentially in a manner that our public stockholders do not support.
Following the completion of our Initial Public Offering, our initial stockholders owned approximately 23% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. This is different from most other special purpose acquisition companies similar to ours where the Founder Shares represent approximately 20% of all the issued and outstanding shares after the initial public offering. In addition, prior to our Initial Business Combination, holders of the Class B common stock have the right to elect all of our directors and may remove members of the board of directors for any reason. Holders of our public shares have no right to vote on the election of directors during such time. These provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may only be amended by holders of a majority of at least 90% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock voting at a stockholder meeting. As a result, our public stockholders will not have any influence over the election of directors prior to our Initial Business Combination. As a result of their substantial ownership in our company, our initial stockholders may exert a substantial influence on other actions requiring a stockholder vote, potentially in a manner that our public stockholders do not support, including amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and approval of major corporate transactions. If our initial stockholders purchase any additional shares of Class A common stock following our Initial Public Offering, this would increase their influence over these actions. In addition, our board of directors, whose members were elected by our initial stockholders, are divided into three classes, each of which generally serve for a term of three years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. We may not hold an annual meeting of stockholders to elect new directors prior to the completion of our business combination, in which case all of the current directors will continue in office until at least the completion of the business combination. If there is an annual meeting, as a consequence of our "staggered" board of directors, only a minority of the board of directors will be considered for election and our initial stockholders, because of their ownership position, will have considerable influence regarding the outcome. In addition, prior to the completion of an Initial Business Combination, holders of a majority of our Founder Shares may remove a member of the board of directors for any reason. Accordingly, our initial stockholders will exert significant influence over actions requiring a stockholder vote at least until the completion of our Initial Business Combination.
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A provision of our warrant agreement may make it more difficult for us to consummate an Initial Business Combination.
Unlike some blank check companies, if (i)we issue additional shares of Class A common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of our Initial Business Combination at a Newly Issued Price of less than $9.20 per share of Class A common stock;(ii)the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of our Initial Business Combination on the date of the completion of our Initial Business Combination (net of redemptions); and (iii)the Market Value is below $9.20 per share,then the exercise price of the Warrants will be adjusted to be equal to 115% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, and the $18.00 and $10.00 per share redemption trigger prices will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 180% and 100%, respectively, of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price. See Exhibit 4.4 "Description of Securities" incorporated by reference in this Annual Report for further information. This may make it more difficult for us to consummate an Initial Business Combination with a target business.
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Our Warrants are accounted for as a warrant liability and were recorded at fair value upon issuance, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings, which may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock or may make it more difficult for us to consummate an Initial Business Combination.
We account for our Warrants as a warrant liability which we recorded at fair value upon their issuance, with any changes in fair value each period reported in earnings as determined by us based upon a valuation report obtained from our independent third party valuation firm. As such, when our stock price increases, the fair value of the warrant liability would increase, and we would be required to recognize an expense associated with this change in fair value. Similarly, when our stock price decreases, the fair value of the warrant liability would decrease, and we would be required to recognize a gain associated with this change in fair value. The impact of changes in fair value on earnings may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, potential business combination targets may seek a special purpose acquisition company that does not have Warrants that are accounted for as a warrant liability, which may make it more difficult for us to consummate an Initial Business Combination with a target business.
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Our Warrants and Founder Shares may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock and make it more difficult to effectuate our Initial Business Combination.
We currently have outstanding a total of 12,075,000 Public Warrants and 11,910,000 Private Placement Warrants, each exercisable to purchase one share of Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. Our initial stockholders currently hold 7,245,000 shares of Class B common stock. At the time of our Initial Business Combination, shares of our Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock, initially set at a one-for-one ratio but subject to adjustment for each as set forth herein. In addition, if our Sponsor, an affiliate of our Sponsor or certain of our directors and officers make any working capital loans, up to $1,800,000 of such loans, or up to an aggregate of $4,830,000 of such loans with respect to funded extension periods, may be converted into Warrants, at the price of $1.00 per Warrant at the option of the lender. Such Warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants. To the extent we issue shares of Class A common stock to effectuate a business combination, the potential for the issuance of a substantial number of additional shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of these Warrants or conversion rights could make us a less attractive acquisition vehicle to a target business. Any such issuance will increase the number of issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock and reduce the value of the Class A common stock issued to complete the business combination. Therefore, our Warrants and Founder Shares may make it more difficult to effectuate a business combination or increase the cost of acquiring the target business.
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Because we must furnish our stockholders with target business financial statements, we may lose the ability to complete an otherwise advantageous Initial Business Combination with some prospective target businesses.
The federal proxy rules require that a proxy statement with respect to a vote on a business combination include historical and/or pro forma financial statement disclosure in periodic reports. We will include the same financial statement disclosure in connection with our tender offer documents, whether or not they are required under the tender offer rules. These financial statements may be required to be prepared in accordance with, or be reconciled to, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"), or international financial reporting standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IFRS"), depending on the circumstances and the historical financial statements may be required to be audited in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"). These financial statement requirements may limit the pool of potential target businesses we may acquire because some targets may be unable to provide such financial statements in time for us to disclose such financial statements in accordance with federal proxy rules and complete our Initial Business Combination within the prescribed time frame.
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Our public stockholders do not have any rights or interests in funds from the Trust Account, except under certain limited circumstances. To liquidate their investment, therefore, public stockholders may be forced to sell their public shares and/or Warrants, potentially at a loss.
Our public stockholders will be entitled to receive funds from the Trust Account only upon the earliest to occur of: (1) our completion of an Initial Business Combination, and then only in connection with those shares of Class A common stock that such stockholder properly elected to redeem, subject to the limitations described herein; (2) the redemption of any public shares properly submitted for redemption in connection with a stockholder vote to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to allow redemption in connection with our Initial Business Combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our Initial Business Combination within the combination period or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders' rights or pre-Initial Business Combination activity; and (3) the redemption of our public shares if we have not completed an Initial Business Combination within the combination period, subject to applicable law and as further described herein. In no other circumstances will a stockholder have any right or interest of any kind to or in the Trust Account. Holders of Warrants will not have any right to the proceeds held in the Trust Account with respect to the Warrants. Accordingly, to liquidate an investment, public stockholders may be forced to sell their public shares and/or Warrants, potentially at a loss.
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NYSE may delist our securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors' ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions.
On March 10, 2022, we announced that the holders of our Units may elect to separately trade the shares of Class A common stock and Warrants included in the Units commencing on or about March 11, 2022 on the NYSE. Any Units not separated will continue to trade on the NYSE under the symbol "BYN.U," and the Class A common stock and Warrants will separately trade on NYSE under the symbols "BYN" and "BYN.WS," respectively. Although we currently are in compliance with applicable NYSE listing standards, we cannot assure our stockholders that our securities will continue to be listed on the NYSE in the future or prior to our Initial Business Combination. In order to continue listing our securities on the NYSE prior to our Initial Business Combination, we must maintain certain financial, distribution and share price levels. Generally, we must maintain a minimum market capitalization (generally $50,000,000) and a minimum number of holders of our securities (generally 300 public holders). Additionally, our Units will not be traded after completion of our Initial Business Combination and, in connection with our Initial Business Combination, we will be required to demonstrate compliance with the NYSE's initial listing requirements, which are more rigorous than the NYSE's continued listing requirements, in order to continue to maintain the listing of our securities on the NYSE. For instance, our share price would generally be required to be at least $4.00 per share, our total market capitalization would be required to be at least $200.0 million, the aggregate market value of publicly held shares would be required to be at least $100.0 million and we would be required to have at least 400 round lot stockholders. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to meet those listing requirements at that time. If NYSE delists any of our securities from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, we expect such securities could be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including: - a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;- reduced liquidity for our securities;- a determination that our Class A common stock are a "penny stock" which would require brokers trading in our Class A common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;- a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and - a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as "covered securities." Because our Units, Class A common stock and Warrants are each listed on NYSE, our Units, Class A common stock and Warrants qualify as covered securities under such statute. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of covered securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. While we are not aware of a state having used these powers to prohibit or restrict the sale of securities issued by blank check companies, other than the State of Idaho, certain state securities regulators view blank check companies unfavorably and might use these powers, or threaten to use these powers, to hinder the sale of securities of blank check companies in their states. Further, if we were no longer listed on NYSE, our securities would not qualify as covered securities under such statute and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities.
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We are not registering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants under the Securities Act or any state securities laws at this time, and such registration may not be in place when an investor desires to exercise Warrants, thus precluding such investor from being able to exercise its Warrants except on a cashless basis, and such Warrants could expire worthless.
We are not registering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants under the Securities Act or any state securities laws at this time. However, under the terms of the warrant agreement, we have agreed that, as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 20 business days after the closing of our Initial Business Combination, we will use our commercially reasonable efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement covering the issuance of such shares, and we will use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective within 60 business days after the closing of our Initial Business Combination and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement and a current prospectus relating to those shares of Class A common stock until the Warrants expire or are redeemed. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to do so if, for example, any facts or events arise which represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the applicable registration statement or prospectus, the financial statements contained or incorporated by reference therein are not current, complete or correct or the SEC issues a stop order. If the shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants are not registered under the Securities Act in accordance with the above requirements, we will be required to permit holders to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis, in which case, the number of shares of Class A common stock that a Warrant holder will receive upon cashless exercise will be based on a formula subject to a maximum amount of shares equal to 0.361 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant (subject to adjustment). However, no Warrant will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, and we will not be obligated to issue any shares to holders seeking to exercise their Warrants, unless the issuance of the shares upon such exercise is registered or qualified under the securities laws of the state of the exercising holder, or an exemption from registration is available. Notwithstanding the above, if our shares of Class A common stock are at the time of any exercise of a Warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of a "covered security" under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, we may, at our option, require holders of Public Warrants who exercise their Warrants to do so on a "cashless basis" in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event we so elect, we will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, but we will use our commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. In no event will we be required to cashless settle any Warrant, or issue securities or other compensation in exchange for the Warrants, in the event that we are unable to register or qualify the shares underlying the Warrants under applicable state securities laws and no exemption is available. If the issuance of the shares upon exercise of the Warrants is not so registered or qualified or exempt from registration or qualification, the holder of such Warrant shall not be entitled to exercise such Warrant and such Warrant may have no value and expire worthless. In such event, holders who acquired their Warrants as part of a purchase of Units in our Initial Public Offering will have paid the full unit purchase price solely for the shares of Class A common stock included in the Units. There may be a circumstance where an exemption from registration exists for holders of our Private Placement Warrants to exercise their Warrants while a corresponding exemption does not exist for holders of the Public Warrants included as part of Units sold in our Initial Public Offering. In such an instance, our Sponsor and its permitted transferees (which may include the underwriters of our Initial Public Offering and our directors, officers, advisors or related parties) would be able to exercise their Warrants and sell the shares of Class A common stock underlying their Warrants while holders of our Public Warrants would not be able to exercise their Warrants and sell the underlying shares of Class A common stock. If and when the Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying shares of Class A common stock for sale under all applicable state securities laws. As a result, we may redeem the Warrants as set forth above even if the holders are otherwise unable to exercise their Warrants.
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Our management team and our Sponsor may make a profit on any Initial Business Combination, even if any public stockholders who did not redeem their shares would experience a loss on that business combination. As a result, the economic interests of our management team and our Sponsor may not fully align with the economic interests of public stockholders.
Like most SPACs, our structure may not fully align the economic interests of our Sponsor and those persons, including our officers and directors, who have interests in our Sponsor with the economic interests of our public stockholders. Upon the closing of our Initial Public Offering, our Sponsor and the underwriters had invested in us an aggregate of $11,935,000, comprised of the $25,000 purchase price for the Founder Shares and the $11,910,000 purchase price for the Private Placement Warrants. Assuming a trading price of $10.00 per share upon consummation of our Initial Business Combination, the 7,245,000 Founder Shares would have an aggregate implied value of $72,450,000. Even if the trading price of our Class A common stock was as low as $1.69 per share, and the Private Placement Warrants were worthless, the value of the Founder Shares would be equal to our Sponsor's initial investment in the Company. As a result, so long as we complete an Initial Business Combination, our Sponsor is likely to be able to recoup its investment in us and make a substantial profit on that investment, even if our public shares lose significant value. Accordingly, our Sponsor and members of our management team who own interests in our Sponsor may have incentives to pursue and consummate an Initial Business Combination quickly, with a risky or not well established target business, and/or on transaction terms favorable to the equityholders of the target business, rather than continue to seek a more favorable business combination transaction that could result in an improved outcome for our public stockholders or liquidate and return all of the cash in the trust to the public stockholders. For the foregoing reasons, you should consider our Sponsor's and management team's financial incentive to complete an Initial Business Combination when evaluating whether to invest in our securities and/or redeem your shares prior to or in connection with an Initial Business Combination.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 37
We may amend the terms of the Warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders of Public Warrants with the approval by the holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants. As a result, the exercise price of the Warrants could be increased, the exercise period could be shortened and the number of shares of our Class A common stock purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant could be decreased, all without the approval of the holders thereof.
Our Warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder for the purpose of (i) curing any ambiguity or correct any mistake, including to conform the provisions of the warrant agreement to the description of the terms of the Warrants included in the prospectus relating to our Initial Public Offering and the Warrant Agreement attached as Exhibit 4.5 hereto, or defective provision or (ii) adding or changing any provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the warrant agreement as the parties to the warrant agreement may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties deem to not adversely affect the interest of the registered holders of the Warrants; provided that the approval by the holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants is required to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders of Public Warrants. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the Public Warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants approve of such amendment and, solely with respect to any amendment to the terms of the Private Placement Warrants or any provision of the warrant agreement with respect to the Private Placement Warrants, 65% of the number of the then outstanding Private Placement Warrants. Although our ability to amend the terms of the Public Warrants with the consent of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to,among other things, increase the exercise price of the Warrants, convert the Warrants into cash, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of our Class A common stock purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 38
Our warrant agreement designates the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by holders of our Warrants, which could limit the ability of Warrant holders to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with our company.
Our warrant agreement provides that, subject to applicable law, (i) any action, proceeding or claim against us arising out of or relating in any way to the warrant agreement, including under the Securities Act, will be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and (ii) that we irrevocably submit to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be the exclusive forum for any such action, proceeding or claim. We will waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our Warrants shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in our warrant agreement. If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope the forum provisions of the warrant agreement, is filed in a court other than a court of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (a "NY foreign action") in the name of any holder of our Warrants, such holder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (a "NY enforcement action"), and (y) having service of process made upon such Warrant holder in any such NY enforcement action by service upon such Warrant holder's counsel in the NY foreign action as agent for such Warrant holder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these provisions of the warrant agreement will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. This choice-of-forum provision may limit a Warrant holder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with our company, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find this provision of our warrant agreement inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and board of directors.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 39
We may redeem unexpired Warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous or undesirable to Warrant holders, thereby making the Warrants worthless.
We have the ability to redeem the outstanding Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per Warrant if, among other things, the closing price of our Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to proper notice of such redemption and provided that certain other conditions are met. If and when the Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. As a result, we may redeem the Warrants as set forth above even if the holders are otherwise unable to exercise the Warrants. Redemption of the outstanding Warrants as described above could force our Warrant holders to: (1) exercise their Warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous or undesirable to do so; (2) sell their Warrants at the then-current market price when a Warrant holder might otherwise wish to hold their Warrants; or (3) accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Warrants are called for redemption, we expect would be substantially less than the market value of the Warrants. If, following our exercise of our redemption rights, a Warrant holder fails to comply with the procedures for exercising its Warrants, such Warrant holder would be required to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Warrants are called for redemption, we expect would be substantially less than the market value of the Warrants. None of the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by us (except in certain limited circumstances) so long as they are held by our Sponsor, the underwriters or their permitted transferees. See "Description of Securities" incorporated by reference to this Annual Report as Exhibit 4.4. In addition, we have the ability to redeem the outstanding Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.10 per Warrant upon a minimum of 30 days' prior written notice of redemption provided that the closing price of our shares of Class A common stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to proper notice of such redemption and provided that certain other conditions are met, including that holders will be able to exercise their Warrants prior to redemption for a number of Class A common stock determined based on the redemption date and the fair market value of our Class A common stock. See "Description of Securities" incorporated by reference to this Annual Report as Exhibit 4.4.Any such redemption may have similar consequences to a cash redemption described above. In addition, such redemption may occur at a time when the Warrants are "out-of-the-money," in which case the Warrant holder would lose the potential embedded value from a subsequent increase in the value of the Class A common stock had the Warrants remained outstanding. The value received upon exercise of the Warrants (1) may be less than the value the holders would have received if they had exercised their Warrants at a later time where the underlying share price is higher and (2) may not compensate the holders for the value of the Warrants, including because the number of shares of Class A common stock received is capped at 0.361 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant (subject to adjustment) irrespective of the remaining life of the Warrants.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 40
Because each unit contains one-half of one redeemable Warrant and only a whole Warrant may be exercised, the Units may be worth less than Units of other blank check companies.
Each unit contains one-half of one redeemable Warrant. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, no fractional Warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units, and only whole Warrants will trade. If, upon exercise of Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of shares of Class A common stock to be issued to the Warrant holder. This is different from other special purpose acquisition companies similar to ours whose Units include one share of Class A common stock and one whole Warrant to purchase one share. We have established the components of the Units in this way in order to reduce the dilutive effect of the Warrants upon completion of a business combination since the Warrants will be exercisable in the aggregate for a half of the number of shares compared to Units that each contain a whole Warrant to purchase one whole share, thus making us, we believe, a more attractive business combination partner for target businesses. Nevertheless, this unit structure may cause our Units to be worth less than if they included a Warrant to purchase one whole share.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 41
Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may inhibit a takeover of us, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our Class A common stock and could entrench management.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that stockholders may consider to be in their best interests. These provisions include a staggered board of directors and the ability of the board of directors to designate the terms of and issue new series of preferred stock, and the fact that prior to the completion of our Initial Business Combination only holders of our shares of Class B common stock, which are held by our initial stockholders, are entitled to vote on the election of directors, which may make more difficult the removal of management and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities. We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delay or prevent a change of control. Together these provisions may make more difficult the removal of management and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities. General Risk Factors
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 42
Each of our directors, officers and special advisor are now, and may in the future may become, affiliated with entities engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented.
Until we consummate our Initial Business Combination, we intend to engage in the business of identifying and combining with one or more businesses. Our Sponsor and directors, officers and special advisor are, or may in the future become, affiliated with entities that are engaged in a similar business. Our Sponsor and directors and officers are also not prohibited from sponsoring, or otherwise becoming involved with, any other blank check companies prior to us completing our Initial Business Combination. As a result, our Sponsor, officers, directors and special advisor could have conflicts of interest in determining whether to present business combination opportunities to us or to any other blank check company with which they may become involved. However, we do not believe that any potential conflicts would materially affect our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination. Each of our officers and directors presently has, and any of them in the future may have additional, fiduciary, contractual or other obligations or duties to one or more other entities pursuant to which such officer or director is or will be required to present a business combination opportunity to such entities. Accordingly, if any of our officers or directors becomes aware of a business combination opportunity which is suitable for one or more entities to which he or she has fiduciary, contractual or other obligations or duties, he or she will honor these obligations and duties to present such business combination opportunity to such entities first, and only present it to us if such entities reject the opportunity and he or she determines to present the opportunity to us. These conflicts may not be resolved in our favor and a potential target business may be presented to another entity prior to its presentation to us. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we renounce our interest in any corporate opportunity offered to any director or officer unless such opportunity is expressly offered to such person solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of our company and such opportunity is one reasonable for us to pursue. In addition, the fiduciary duties and contractual obligations of our officers and directors to other entities, including confidentiality obligations that may restrict their ability to share with us or utilize on our behalf information they learn that could be beneficial to us, may otherwise adversely affect our ability to identify or pursue certain business combination opportunities. Our special advisor will have no fiduciary obligation to present business opportunities to us. Our Chairman is currently a party to an agreement with TriMark USA that contains a non-compete provision that prohibits him from consummating a transaction with a target company that engages in the business of distribution and sale of restaurant equipment and supplies at the distribution level, including as an equityholder of an entity engaged in such a business. In addition, our Chairman has fiduciary and other duties to TriMark USA as a result of serving as its vice chairman. Our Chairman will honor such fiduciary and other duties (and the other members of our management team will honor any fiduciary or other duties applicable to them). As a result of the foregoing, we currently do not intend to consummate a business combination with a target engaged in the industry sector covered by our Chairman's non-compete. However, we do not believe that the foregoing will materially affect our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 43
Our directors, officers, special advisor, security holders and their respective affiliates may have competitive pecuniary interests that conflict with our interests.
We have not adopted a policy that expressly prohibits our directors, officers, special advisor, security holders or affiliates from having a direct or indirect pecuniary or financial interest in any investment to be acquired or disposed of by us or in any transaction to which we are a party or have an interest. In fact, we may enter into a business combination with a target business that is affiliated with our Sponsor, our directors or officers, although we do not intend to do so. Nor do we have a policy that expressly prohibits any such persons from engaging for their own account in business activities of the types conducted by us. Accordingly, such persons or entities may have a conflict between their interests and ours.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 44
We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company within the meaning of the Securities Act, and we take and may continue to take advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies or smaller reporting companies, which could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies.
We are an "emerging growth company" within the meaning of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2021 (the "JOBS Act"), and we take and may continue to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they may deem important. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $700 million as of the end of any second quarter of a fiscal year, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the end of such fiscal year. We cannot predict whether investors will find our securities less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result of our reliance on these exemptions, the trading prices of our securities may be lower than they otherwise would be, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the trading prices of our securities may be more volatile. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Additionally, we are a "smaller reporting company" as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $250 million as of the end of that year's second fiscal quarter and our annual revenues equaled or exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year, or (2) the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $700 million as of the end of that year's second fiscal quarter. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 45
Since only holders of our Class B common stock have the right to vote on the election of directors, the NYSE considers us to be a "controlled company" within the meaning of the NYSE rules and, as a result, we may qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.
Prior to consummation of our Initial Business Combination, only holders of our Class B common stock have the right to vote on the election of directors. As a result, the NYSE considers us to be a "controlled company" within the meaning of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Under the NYSE corporate governance standards, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a "controlled company" and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements that: - we have a board that includes a majority of "independent directors," as defined under the rules of the NYSE;- we have a compensation committee of our board that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee's purpose and responsibilities; and - we have a nominating and corporate governance committee of our board that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee's purpose and responsibilities. We do not currently intend to utilize these exemptions and intend to comply with the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE, subject to applicable phase-in rules applicable to non-controlled companies. However, if we determine in the future to utilize some or all of these exemptions, our public stockholders not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance requirements.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 46
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with our company or our company's directors, officers or other employees.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for any (1) derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of our Company, (2) action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of our Company to our Company or our stockholders, or any claim for aiding and abetting any such alleged breach, (3) action asserting a claim against our Company or any of our directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws, or (4) action asserting a claim against us or any director, officer or employee of our company governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (1) through (4) above, any claim (a) as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (b) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery or (c) for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. Although we believe this provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, a court may determine that this provision is unenforceable, and to the extent it is enforceable, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum provisions is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a "foreign action") in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an "enforcement action"), and (y) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such enforcement action by service upon such stockholder's counsel in the foreign action as agent for such stockholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act against us or our directors, officers, other employees or agents. Although we believe these provisions benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of federal securities laws in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provisions may limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us and may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 47
An investment in our securities may result in uncertain or adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.
An investment in our securities may result in uncertain U.S. federal income tax consequences. For instance, because there are no authorities that directly address instruments similar to the Units we issued in our Initial Public Offering, the allocation an investor makes with respect to the purchase price of a Unit between the share of Class A common stock and the one-half of one redeemable Warrant included in each Unit could be challenged by the IRS or the courts. In addition, if we are determined to be a personal holding company for U.S. federal income tax purposes, our taxable income would be subjected to an additional 20% federal income tax, which would reduce the net after-tax amount of interest income earned on the funds placed in our Trust Account. Furthermore, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a cashless exercise of Warrants included in our Units and of a redemption of Warrants for Class A common stock are unclear under current law. Finally, it is unclear whether the redemption rights with respect to our shares suspend the running of a U.S. holder's holding period for purposes of determining whether any gain or loss realized by such holder on the sale or exchange of Class A common stock is long-term capital gain or loss and for determining whether any dividend we pay would be considered "qualified dividends" for federal income tax purposes. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to these and other tax consequences when purchasing, holding or disposing of our securities.
Accounting & Financial Operations2 | 2.1%
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 1
We are a newly incorporated company with no operating history and no revenues, and investors in our securities have no basis on which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective.
We are a newly incorporated company with no operating results, and we will not commence operations until completing an Initial Business Combination. Because we lack an operating history, investors in our securities have no basis upon which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective of completing our Initial Business Combination with one or more target businesses. We have no plans, arrangements or understandings with any prospective target business concerning a business combination and may be unable to complete our Initial Business Combination. If we fail to complete our Initial Business Combination, we will never generate any operating revenues.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 2
Added
We identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting and may identify additional material weaknesses in the future, or fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, which may result in material misstatements of our financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations.
In connection with the review of our financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the accrual of legal fees. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management, with oversight from the board of directors and the audit committee of the board of directors will implement a remediation plan for this material weakness, including, our principal executive officer or principal financial and accounting officer obtaining confirmation of billed and unbilled legal fees directly from our legal counsels through the end of each reporting period. We cannot be certain as to the timing of completion of our evaluation, testing, and remediation actions or their effect on our operations.
Debt & Financing4 | 4.1%
Debt & Financing - Risk 1
If the proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants not being held in the Trust Account are insufficient to allow us to operate for the combination period, it could limit the amount available to fund our search for a target business or businesses and our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination, and we will depend on loans from our Sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team to fund our search and to complete our Initial Business Combination.
If we are required to seek additional capital, we would need to borrow funds from our Sponsor, its affiliates, members of our management team or other third parties to operate or may be forced to liquidate. Neither our Sponsor, members of our management team nor their affiliates is under any obligation to us in such circumstances. Any such advances may be repaid only from funds held outside the Trust Account or from funds released to us upon completion of our Initial Business Combination. Up to $1,800,000 of such loans or advances, or up to an aggregate of $4,830,000 of such loans or advances with respect to funded extension periods, may be convertible into Warrants of the post-business combination company at a price of $1.00 per Warrant at the option of the lender. The Warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants. Prior to the completion of our Initial Business Combination, we do not expect to seek loans from parties other than our Sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team as we do not believe third parties will be willing to loan such funds and provide a waiver against any and all rights to seek access to funds in our Trust Account. If we have not consummated our Initial Business Combination within the required time period because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. Consequently, our public stockholders may only receive an estimated $10.20 per public share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or possibly less, on our redemption of our public shares, and our Warrants will expire worthless.
Debt & Financing - Risk 2
The securities in which we invest the funds held in the Trust Account could bear a negative rate of interest, which could reduce the value of the assets held in trust such that the per-share redemption amount received by public stockholders may be less than $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period).
The proceeds held in the Trust Account may be invested only in U.S. government treasury obligations with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. While short-term U.S. government treasury obligations currently yield a positive rate of interest, they have briefly yielded negative interest rates in recent years. Central banks in Europe and Japan pursued interest rates below zero in recent years, and the Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve has not ruled out the possibility that it may in the future adopt similar policies in the United States. In the event of very low or negative yields, the amount of interest income (which we may withdraw to pay our taxes, if any) would be reduced. In the event that we are unable to complete our Initial Business Combination or make certain amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our public stockholders are entitled to receive their pro-rata share of the proceeds held in the Trust Account, plus any interest income, net of taxes paid or payable thereon (less, in the case we are unable to complete our Initial Business Combination, $100,000 of interest) to pay dissolution expenses. Negative interest rates could reduce the value of the assets held in trust such that the per-share redemption amount received by public stockholders may be less than $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period).
Debt & Financing - Risk 3
We may be unable to obtain additional financing to complete our Initial Business Combination or to fund the operations and growth of a target business, which could compel us to restructure or abandon a particular business combination.
Although we believe that the net proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants will be sufficient to allow us to complete our Initial Business Combination, because we have not yet selected any target business we cannot ascertain the capital requirements for any particular transaction. If the net proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants prove to be insufficient, either because of the size of our Initial Business Combination, the depletion of the available net proceeds in search of a target business, the obligation to redeem for cash a significant number of shares from stockholders who elect redemption in connection with our Initial Business Combination or the terms of negotiated transactions to purchase shares in connection with our Initial Business Combination, we may be required to seek additional financing or to abandon the proposed business combination. We cannot assure our stockholders that such financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. To the extent that additional financing proves to be unavailable when needed to complete our Initial Business Combination, we would be compelled to either restructure the transaction or abandon that particular business combination and seek an alternative target business candidate. In addition, even if we do not need additional financing to complete our Initial Business Combination, we may require such financing to fund the operations or growth of the target business. The failure to secure additional financing could have a material adverse effect on the continued development or growth of the target business. None of our directors, officers, our special advisor or stockholders is required to provide any financing to us in connection with or after our Initial Business Combination. If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our Trust Account, and our Warrants will expire worthless.
Debt & Financing - Risk 4
We may issue notes or other debt securities, or otherwise incur substantial debt, to complete a business combination, which may adversely affect our leverage and financial condition and thus negatively impact the value of our stockholders' investment in us.
Although we had no commitments as of December 31, 2022 to issue any notes or other debt securities, or to otherwise incur outstanding debt following our Initial Public Offering, we may choose to incur substantial debt to complete our Initial Business Combination. We have agreed that we will not incur any indebtedness unless we have obtained from the lender a waiver of any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to the monies held in the Trust Account. As such, no issuance of debt will affect the per-share amount available for redemption from the Trust Account. Nevertheless, the incurrence of debt could have a variety of negative effects, including: - default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an Initial Business Combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations;- acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant;- our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt is payable on demand;- our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt is outstanding;- our inability to pay dividends on our common stock;- using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our common stock if declared, expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;- limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate;- increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation; and - limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, execution of our strategy and other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt.
Corporate Activity and Growth23 | 23.7%
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 1
We may attempt to simultaneously complete business combinations with multiple prospective targets, which may hinder our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination and give rise to increased costs and risks that could negatively impact our operations and profitability.
If we determine to simultaneously acquire several businesses that are owned by different sellers, we will need for each of such sellers to agree that our purchase of its business is contingent on the simultaneous closings of the other business combinations, which may make it more difficult for us, and delay our ability, to complete our Initial Business Combination. With multiple target businesses, we could also face additional risks, including additional burdens and costs with respect to possible multiple negotiations and due diligence investigations (if there are multiple sellers) and the additional risks associated with the subsequent assimilation of the operations and services or products of the acquired companies in a single operating business. If we are unable to adequately address these risks, it could negatively impact our profitability and results of operations.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 2
We may attempt to complete our Initial Business Combination with a private company about which little information is available, which may result in a business combination with a company that is not as profitable as we suspected, if at all.
In pursuing our acquisition strategy, we may seek to effectuate our Initial Business Combination with a privately held company. Very little public information generally exists about private companies, and we could be required to make our decision on whether to pursue a potential Initial Business Combination on the basis of limited information, which may result in a business combination with a company that is not as profitable as we suspected, if at all.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 3
Resources could be wasted in researching acquisitions that are not completed, which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business.
We anticipate that the investigation of each specific target business and the negotiation, drafting and execution of relevant agreements, disclosure documents and other instruments will require substantial management time and attention and substantial costs for accountants, attorneys and others. If we decide not to complete a specific Initial Business Combination, the costs incurred up to that point for the proposed transaction likely would not be recoverable. Furthermore, if we reach an agreement relating to a specific target business, we may fail to complete our Initial Business Combination for any number of reasons including those beyond our control. Any such event will result in a loss to us of the related costs incurred which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business. If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.20 per public share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our Trust Account and our Warrants will expire worthless.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 4
We may engage in a business combination with one or more target businesses that have relationships with entities that may be affiliated with our Sponsor, directors, officers or special advisor which may raise potential conflicts of interest.
In light of the involvement of our Sponsor, directors, officers and special advisor with other entities, we may decide to acquire one or more businesses affiliated with our Sponsor, directors, officers and special advisor. Certain of our directors and officers also serve as officers and board members for other entities, including but not limited to those described under Part III, Item 10, "Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant" in this Annual Report. Such entities may compete with us for business combination opportunities. Our Sponsor, directors and officers are not currently aware of any specific opportunities for us to complete our Initial Business Combination with any entities with which they are affiliated, and there have been no preliminary discussions concerning a business combination with any such entity or entities. Although we will not be specifically focusing on, or targeting, any transaction with any affiliated entities, we would pursue such a transaction if we determined that such affiliated entity met our criteria and guidelines for a business combination and such transaction was approved by a majority of our independent and disinterested directors.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 5
Because we are not limited to a particular industry, sector or geography or any specific target businesses with which to pursue our Initial Business Combination, our public stockholders will be unable to ascertain the merits or risks of any particular target business's operations.
While we intend to focus our efforts on identifying business combination targets in the foodservice industry, we may seek to complete a business combination with an operating company of any size (subject to our satisfaction of the 80% fair market value test) and in any industry, sector or geography. However, we will not, under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, be permitted to effectuate our Initial Business Combination solely with another blank check company or similar company with nominal operations. Because we have not yet selected any specific target business with respect to a business combination, there is no basis to evaluate the possible merits or risks of any particular target business's operations, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition or prospects. To the extent we complete our Initial Business Combination, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in the business operations with which we combine. For example, if we combine with a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of sales or earnings, we may be affected by the risks inherent in the business and operations of a financially unstable or development stage entity. Although our directors and officers will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we cannot assure our stockholders that we will properly ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors or that we will have adequate time to complete due diligence. Furthermore, some of these risks may be outside of our control and leave us with no ability to control or reduce the chances that those risks will adversely impact a target business. We also cannot assure you that an investment in our securities will not ultimately prove to be less favorable to our investors than a direct investment, if such opportunity were available, in a business combination target. Accordingly, any stockholder or Warrant holder who chooses to remain a stockholder or Warrant holder, respectively, following our Initial Business Combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their securities. Such stockholders and Warrant holders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 6
We may seek acquisition opportunities in acquisition targets that may be outside of our management's areas of expertise.
We will consider a business combination outside of our management's areas of expertise if such business combination candidate is presented to us and we determine that such candidate offers an attractive acquisition opportunity for our company. In the event we elect to pursue an acquisition outside of the areas of our management's expertise, our management's expertise may not be directly applicable to its evaluation or operation, and the information contained in this Annual Report regarding the areas of our management's expertise would not be relevant to an understanding of the business that we elect to acquire. As a result, our management may not be able to adequately ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors relevant to such acquisition. Accordingly, any stockholders or Warrant holders who choose to remain a stockholder or Warrant holder following our Initial Business Combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their securities. Such stockholders or Warrant holders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 7
Although we have identified general criteria and guidelines that we believe are important in evaluating prospective target businesses, we may enter into our Initial Business Combination with a target that does not meet such criteria and guidelines, and as a result, the target business with which we enter into our Initial Business Combination may not have attributes entirely consistent with our general criteria and guidelines.
Although we have identified general criteria and guidelines for evaluating prospective target businesses, it is possible that a target business with which we enter into our Initial Business Combination will not have all of these positive attributes. If we complete our Initial Business Combination with a target that does not meet some or all of these criteria and guidelines, such combination may not be as successful as a combination with a business that does meet all of our general criteria and guidelines. In addition, if we announce a prospective business combination with a target that does not meet our general criteria and guidelines, a greater number of stockholders may exercise their redemption rights, which may make it difficult for us to meet any closing condition with a target business that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. In addition, if stockholder approval of the transaction is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirements, or we decide to obtain stockholder approval for business or other reasons, it may be more difficult for us to attain stockholder approval of our Initial Business Combination if the target business does not meet our general criteria and guidelines. If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our Trust Account and our Warrants will expire worthless.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 8
We may seek acquisition opportunities with an early-stage company, a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of revenue or earnings.
To the extent we complete our Initial Business Combination with an early-stage company, a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of sales or earnings, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in the operations of the business with which we combine. These risks include investing in a business without a proven business model and with limited historical financial data, volatile revenues or earnings, intense competition and difficulties in obtaining and retaining key personnel as well as risks related to any financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or the failure to meet such projections. Although our directors and officers will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we may not be able to properly ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors and we may not have adequate time to complete due diligence. Furthermore, some of these risks may be outside of our control and leave us with no ability to control or reduce the chances that those risks will adversely impact a target business.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 9
We may have limited ability to assess the management of a prospective target business and, as a result, may complete our Initial Business Combination with a target business whose management may not have the skills, qualifications or abilities to manage a public company.
When evaluating the desirability of completing our Initial Business Combination with a prospective target business, our ability to assess the target business's management may be limited due to a lack of time, resources or information. Our assessment of the capabilities of the target's management, therefore, may prove to be incorrect and such management may lack the skills, qualifications or abilities we expected. Should the target's management not possess the skills, qualifications or abilities necessary to manage a public company, the operations and profitability of the post-combination business may be negatively impacted. Accordingly, any stockholder or Warrant holder who chooses to remain a stockholder or Warrant holder, respectively, following our Initial Business Combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their securities. Such stockholders and Warrant holders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value. The directors and officers of an acquisition candidate may resign upon completion of our Initial Business Combination. The departure of a business combination target's key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business. The role of an acquisition candidate's key personnel upon the completion of our Initial Business Combination cannot be ascertained at this time. Although we contemplate that certain members of an acquisition candidate's management team will remain associated with the acquisition candidate following our Initial Business Combination, it is possible that members of the management of an acquisition candidate will not wish to remain in place.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 10
Our management may not be able to maintain control of a target business after our Initial Business Combination. We cannot provide assurance that, upon loss of control of a target business, new management will possess the skills, qualifications or abilities necessary to profitably operate such business.
We may structure our Initial Business Combination so that the post-transaction company in which our public stockholders own shares will own less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business, but we will complete such business combination only if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the issued and outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target business sufficient for us not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We will not consider any transaction that does not meet such criteria. Even if the post-transaction company owns 50% or more of the voting securities of the target, our stockholders prior to our Initial Business Combination may collectively own a minority interest in the post business combination company, depending on valuations ascribed to the target and us in our Initial Business Combination transaction. For example, we could pursue a transaction in which we issue a substantial number of new shares of common stock in exchange for all of the issued and outstanding capital stock, shares or other equity securities of a target or issue a substantial number of new shares to third-parties in connection with financing our Initial Business Combination. In this case, we would acquire a 100% interest in the target. However, as a result of the issuance of a substantial number of new shares of common stock, our stockholders immediately prior to such transaction could own less than a majority of our issued and outstanding common stock subsequent to such transaction. In addition, other minority stockholders may subsequently combine their holdings resulting in a single person or group obtaining a larger share of the company's shares than we initially acquired. Accordingly, this may make it more likely that our management will not be able to maintain our control of the target business. We cannot provide assurance that, upon loss of control of a target business, new management will possess the skills, qualifications or abilities necessary to profitably operate such business.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 11
After our Initial Business Combination, our results of operations and prospects could be subject, to a significant extent, to the economic, political, social and government policies, developments and conditions in the country in which we operate.
The economic, political and social conditions, as well as government policies, of the country in which our operations are located could affect our business. Economic growth could be uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy and such growth may not be sustained in the future. If in the future such country's economy experiences a downturn or grows at a slower rate than expected, there may be less demand for spending in certain industries. A decrease in demand for spending in certain industries could materially and adversely affect our ability to find an attractive target business with which to consummate our Initial Business Combination and if we effect our Initial Business Combination, the ability of that target business to become or remain profitable.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 12
As the number of special purpose acquisition companies evaluating targets increases, attractive targets may become scarcer and there may be more competition for attractive targets. This could increase the cost of our Initial Business Combination and could even result in our inability to find a target or to consummate an Initial Business Combination.
In recent years, and continuing in 2022, the number of special purpose acquisition companies that have been formed has increased substantially. Many potential targets for special purpose acquisition companies have already entered into an Initial Business Combination, and, as of December 31, 2022, there were more than 400 special purpose acquisition companies seeking targets for their Initial Business Combination, as well as many such companies currently in registration. As a result, at times, fewer attractive targets may be available, and it may require more time, more effort and more resources to identify a suitable target and to consummate an Initial Business Combination. In addition, because there are more special purpose acquisition companies seeking to enter into an Initial Business Combination with available targets, the competition for available targets with attractive fundamentals or business models may increase, which could cause target companies to demand improved financial terms. Attractive targets could also become scarcer for other reasons, such as economic or industry sector downturns, geopolitical tensions or increases in the cost of additional capital needed to close business combinations or operate targets post-business combination. This could increase the cost of, delay or otherwise complicate or frustrate our ability to find and consummate an Initial Business Combination, and may result in our inability to consummate an Initial Business Combination on terms favorable to our investors altogether.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 13
Our search for a business combination, and any target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination, may be materially adversely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, other global events (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) and the status of debt and equity markets.
The COVID-19 outbreak and other global events (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) have resulted in, and could result in, a widespread crisis that has, and in the future could, adversely affected the economies and financial markets worldwide, and the business of any potential target business with which we consummate a business combination could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, we may be unable to complete an Initial Business Combination if concerns relating to COVID-19 or other matters of global concern (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) continue to restrict travel, limit the ability to have meetings with potential investors, limit the ability to conduct due diligence or limit the ability of a potential target company's personnel, vendors and services providers to negotiate and consummate a transaction in a timely manner. The extent to which COVID-19 and other matters of global concern (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) impact our search for an Initial Business Combination will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and other matters of global concern (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) on businesses, and the inability to accurately predict the future impact of the pandemic and other global events on businesses, have also made determinations and negotiations of valuation more difficult, which could make it more difficult to consummate a business combination transaction. If the disruptions posed by COVID-19 or other matters of global concern (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine) continue, our ability to consummate a business combination, or the operations of a target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination, may be materially adversely affected. In addition, our ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing, which may be impacted by COVID-19, Russia's invasion of Ukraine and other events, including as a result of increased market volatility, decreased market liquidity and third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to us or at all. Finally, the outbreak of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this "Risk Factors" section, such as those related to the market for our securities.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 14
We may not be able to complete our Initial Business Combination within the prescribed time frame, in which case we would cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up and we would redeem our public shares and liquidate, in which case our public stockholders may receive only $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less than such amount in certain circumstances, and our Warrants will expire worthless.
We may not be able to find a suitable target business and complete our Initial Business Combination within the combination period. Our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination may be negatively impacted by general market conditions, volatility in the capital and debt markets and the other risks described herein. It may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this "Risk Factors" section, such as those related to the market for our securities and cross-border transactions. If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the combination period, we will: (1) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up; (2) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to us to pay our taxes, if any (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses and which interest shall be net of taxes payable thereon), divided by the number of then issued and outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders' rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any); and (3) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. In such case, our public stockholders may receive only $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less than $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), on the redemption of their shares, and our Warrants will expire worthless. See "- If third parties bring claims against us, the proceeds held in the Trust Account could be reduced and the per-share redemption amount received by stockholders may be less than $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period)" and other risk factors included in this Annual Report.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 15
The requirement that we complete our Initial Business Combination within the combination period may give potential target businesses leverage over us in negotiating a business combination and may limit the time we have in which to conduct due diligence on potential business combination targets, in particular as we approach our dissolution deadline, which could undermine our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination on terms that would produce value for our stockholders.
Any potential target business with which we enter into negotiations concerning a business combination will be aware that we must complete our Initial Business Combination within the combination period. Consequently, such target business may obtain leverage over us in negotiating a business combination, knowing that if we do not complete our Initial Business Combination with that particular target business, we may be unable to complete our Initial Business Combination with any target business. This risk will increase as we get closer to the end of the timeframe described above. In addition, we may have limited time to conduct due diligence and may enter into our Initial Business Combination on terms that we would have rejected upon a more comprehensive investigation.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 16
Added
During the pendency of the proposed Business Combination, the Company will not be able to enter into a business combination with another party because of restrictions in the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. Furthermore, certain provisions of the Amended Pinstripes Agreement will discourage third parties from submitting alternative takeover proposals, including proposals that may be superior to the arrangements contemplated by the Amended Pinstripes Agreement.
Covenants in the Amended Pinstripes Agreement impede the ability of the Company to make acquisitions or complete other transactions that are not in the ordinary course of business pending completion of the Business Combination. As a result, the Company may be at a disadvantage to its competitors during that period. While the Amended Pinstripes Agreement is in effect, neither the Company nor Pinstripes nor any of their respective affiliates, subsidiaries or representatives may (a)?solicit or initiate any competing transaction or take any action to knowingly facilitate or encourage any person or group of persons other than the parties and their respective affiliates, representatives and agents (a "Competing Party"), to enter into any agreement in principle, letter of intent, term sheet or definitive agreement, or make any filing with the SEC (including the filing of any registration statement) or other governmental entity, with respect to a competing transaction; (b)?enter into, participate in or continue or otherwise engage in any discussions or negotiations with any Competing Party regarding a competing transaction; (c)?furnish (including through any virtual data room) any information relating to any party or subsidiary thereof or any of their respective assets or businesses, or afford access to the assets, business, properties, books or records of any party or any subsidiary thereof to a Competing Party, in all cases, for the purpose of assisting with or facilitating a competing transaction; (d)?approve, endorse or recommend any competing transaction; or (e)?enter into a competing transaction or any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any letter of intent or term sheet) relating to a competing transaction or publicly announce an intention to do so. If the Business Combination is not completed, these provisions will make it more difficult to complete an alternative business combination following the termination of the Amended Pinstripes Agreement due to the passage of time during which these provisions have remained in effect.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 17
Added
We and Pinstripes will incur significant transaction and transition costs in connection with the proposed Business Combination.
We and Pinstripes expect to incur significant, non-recurring costs in connection with consummating the Business Combination and operating as a public company following the consummation of the Business Combination. We and Pinstripes may also incur additional costs to retain key employees. We will incur and be responsible for the expenses and fees as set forth in, and in connection with, the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. There can be no assurance that such fees and expenses will not be greater than expected or that there will be no unexpected costs related to the Business Combination.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 18
Changed
Subsequent to the Closing of our proposed Business Combination, the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on its financial condition and its share price, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.
Although the Company has conducted due diligence on Pinstripes, it cannot assure you that this diligence has identified all material issues that may be present within Pinstripes, that it is possible to uncover all material issues through a customary amount of due diligence, or that factors outside of Pinstripes's and outside of the Company's or the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's control will not later arise. As a result of these factors, the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company may be forced to later write-down or write-off assets, restructure its operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in it reporting losses. Even if due diligence successfully identifies certain risks, unexpected risks may arise and previously known risks may materialize in a manner not consistent with the Company's preliminary risk analysis. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and not have an immediate impact on the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company's liquidity, the fact that the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company reports charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company or its securities. Accordingly, any of the Company's public stockholders who choose to remain stockholders of the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company following the Business Combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their securities. Such stockholders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value unless they are able to successfully claim that the reduction was due to the breach by our officers or directors of a duty of care or other fiduciary duty owed to them, or if they are able to successfully bring a private claim under securities laws that the proxy solicitation relating to the Business Combination contained an actionable material misstatement or material omission.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 19
Added
We cannot assure you that we will be able to complete the proposed Business Combination or complete an alternative Initial Business Combination by December 24, 2023, the date by which we are required to complete our Initial Business Combination or be forced to liquidate.
If we are not able to complete the Business Combination with Pinstripes or complete an alternative Initial Business Combination by December 24, 2023, or such earlier date as our board of directors may determine in its sole discretion, we will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay taxes, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders' rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company's remaining stockholders and the Company's board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company's obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. In such case, the public stockholders would only receive the applicable per-share price described above in connection with redeeming their shares and the public warrants would expire worthless.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 20
Added
The proposed Business Combination with Pinstripes may not be completed on the anticipated terms and there are uncertainties and risks related to consummating the proposed Business Combination with Pinstripes.
The Closing may not be completed on the anticipated terms and there are uncertainties and risks related to consummating the proposed Business Combination. Even if the Amended Pinstripes Agreement is approved by the stockholders of the Company, specified conditions must be satisfied or waived before the parties to Amended Pinstripes Agreement are obligated to complete the Business Combination. The Company does not control the satisfaction of all of such conditions. The Company and Pinstripes may not satisfy all of the closing conditions in the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. If the closing conditions are not satisfied or waived, the Business Combination will not occur, or will be delayed pending later satisfaction or waiver, and such delay may cause the Company and Pinstripes to each lose some or all of the intended benefits of the Business Combination.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 21
Past performance by our management team or their respective affiliates may not be indicative of future performance of an investment in us.
Information regarding performance is presented for informational purposes only. Any past experience or performance of our management team and their respective affiliates is not a guarantee of either: (1) our ability to successfully identify and execute a transaction or (2) success with respect to any business combination that we may consummate. Investors in our securities should not rely on the historical record of the performance of our management team or their respective affiliates as indicative of the future performance of an investment in us or the returns we will, or are likely to, generate going forward. Our management has no experience in operating special purpose acquisition companies.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 22
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $510,893 in cash and a working capital deficit of $454,877. Further, we have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant costs in pursuit of our financing and acquisition plans. Our plans to raise capital and to consummate our Initial Business Combination may not be successful. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements contained in this Annual Report do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 23
If our management team pursues a company with operations or opportunities outside of the United States for our Initial Business Combination, we may face additional burdens in connection with investigating, agreeing to and completing such combination, and if we effect such Initial Business Combination, we would be subject to a variety of additional risks that may negatively impact our operations.
If our management team pursues a company with operations or opportunities outside of the United States for our Initial Business Combination, we would be subject to risks associated with cross-border business combinations, including in connection with investigating, agreeing to and completing our Initial Business Combination, conducting due diligence in a foreign market, having such transaction approved by any local governments, regulators or agencies and changes in the purchase price based on fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. The fact that we are currently incorporated as a Delaware corporation could make us a less attractive acquisition vehicle to a target business outside the United States as compared to an acquisition vehicle incorporated outside the United States. If we effect our Initial Business Combination with such a company, we would be subject to any special considerations or risks associated with companies operating in an international setting, including any of the following: - higher costs and difficulties inherent in managing cross-border business operations and complying with commercial and legal requirements of overseas markets;- rules and regulations regarding currency redemption;- complex corporate withholding taxes on individuals;- laws governing the manner in which future business combinations may be effected;- tariffs and trade barriers;- regulations related to customs and import/export matters;- longer payment cycles;- changes in local regulations as part of a response to the COVID-19 outbreak or in response to other global events such as the current hostilities in Ukraine;- tax consequences, such as tax law changes, including termination or reduction of tax and other incentives that the applicable government provides to domestic companies, and variations in tax laws as compared to the United States;- currency fluctuations and exchange controls, including devaluations and other exchange rate movements;- rates of inflation, price instability and interest rate fluctuations;- challenges in collecting accounts receivable;- cultural and language differences;- protection of intellectual property rights;- applicable privacy laws and regulations;- employment regulations;- crime, strikes, riots, civil disturbances, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, wars or in response to other global events such as the current hostilities in Ukraine;- deterioration of political relations with the United States;- obligatory military service by personnel; and - government appropriation of assets. We may not be able to adequately address these additional risks. If we were unable to do so, we may be unable to complete such combination or, if we complete such combination, our operations might suffer, either of which may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Legal & Regulatory
Total Risks: 11/97 (11%)Below Sector Average
Regulation6 | 6.2%
Regulation - Risk 1
Changed
If we are deemed to be an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act, we may be forced to abandon our efforts to complete an Initial Business Combination and instead be required to liquidate the Company. To mitigate the risk of that result, on or prior to the 24-month anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement relating to our IPO, we may instruct Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company to liquidate the securities held in the Trust Account and instead hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash. As a result, following such change, we will likely receive minimal, if any, interest, on the funds held in the Trust Account, which would reduce the dollar amount that our public stockholders would have otherwise received upon any redemption or liquidation of the Company if the assets in the Trust Account had remained in U.S. government securities or money market funds.
On March 30, 2022, the SEC issued proposed rules (the "SPAC Rule Proposals"), relating, among other things, to circumstances in which special purpose acquisition companies ("SPACs") such as us could potentially be subject to the Investment Company Act and the regulations thereunder. The SPAC Rule Proposals would provide a safe harbor for such companies from the definition of "investment company" under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, provided that a SPAC satisfies certain criteria. To comply with the duration limitation of the proposed safe harbor, a SPAC would have a limited time period to announce and complete a de-SPAC transaction. Specifically, to comply with the safe harbor, the SPAC Rule Proposals would require a company to file a report on Form 8-K announcing that it has entered into an agreement with a target company for an Initial Business Combination no later than 18 months after the effective date of the registration statement for its initial public offering. The company would then be required to complete its Initial Business Combination no later than 24 months after the effective date of the registration statement for its initial public offering. We understand that the SEC has recently been taking informal positions regarding the Investment Company Act consistent with the SPAC Rule Proposals. There is currently uncertainty concerning the applicability of the Investment Company Act to a SPAC, including a company like ours, that does not complete its Initial Business Combination within the proposed time frame set forth in the proposed safe harbor rule. As indicated above, we completed our IPO on January 24, 2022 and have operated as a blank check company searching for a target business with which to consummate an Initial Business Combination since such time. On June 22, 2023, or approximately 17 months after the effective date of the Compnay's registration statement, the Company entered into the Pinstripes Agreement and filed a Form 8-K with the SEC announcing the entry into the Pinstripes Agreement. On September 26, 2023, or approximately 20 months after the effective date of the Company's registration statement, the Company entered into the Amended Pinstripes Agreement and filed a Form 8-K with the SEC announcing the entry into the Amended Pinstripes Agreement. However, despite entering into the Amended Pinstripes Agreement, we still may be unable to complete the Business Combination within 24 months after the effective date of the registration statement for our IPO, or at all. If we were deemed to be an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act, we might be forced to abandon our efforts to complete an Initial Business Combination and instead be required to liquidate the Company. If we are required to liquidate the Company, our investors would not be able to realize the benefits of owning shares in a successor operating business, including the potential appreciation in the value of our shares and warrants following such a transaction, and our warrants would expire worthless. The funds in the Trust Account have, since our IPO, been held only in U.S. government treasury obligations with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds investing solely in U.S. government treasury obligations and meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act. As of September 30, 2022, amounts held in Trust Account included approximately $514,356 and $4,405,609 of accrued interest for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. To mitigate the risk of us being deemed to have been operating as an unregistered investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may, on or prior to the 24-month anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement relating to our IPO, or January 19, 2024, instruct Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the trustee with respect to the Trust Account, to liquidate the U.S. government treasury obligations or money market funds held in the Trust Account and thereafter to hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash (i.e., in one or more bank accounts) until the earlier of the consummation of an Initial Business Combination or our liquidation. Following such liquidation of the assets in our Trust Account, we will likely receive minimal interest, if any, on the funds held in the Trust Account, which would reduce the dollar amount our public stockholders would have otherwise received upon any redemption or liquidation of the Company if the assets in the Trust Account had remained in U.S. government securities or money market funds. This means that the amount available for redemption would not increase in the future. In addition, even prior to the 24-month anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement relating to our IPO, we may be deemed to be an investment company. The longer that the funds in the Trust Account are held in short-term U.S. government securities or in money market funds invested exclusively in such securities, even prior to the 24-month anniversary, there is a greater risk that we may be considered an unregistered investment company, in which case we may be required to liquidate. Accordingly, we may determine, in our discretion, to liquidate the securities held in the Trust Account at any time, even prior to the 24-month anniversary, and instead hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash, which would further reduce the dollar amount our public stockholders would receive upon any redemption or our liquidation.
Regulation - Risk 2
If our management following our Initial Business Combination is unfamiliar with U.S. securities laws, they may have to expend time and resources becoming familiar with such laws, which could lead to various regulatory issues. We will also incur costs and demands upon management as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies.
Following our Initial Business Combination, any or all of our management could resign from their positions as officers of the Company, and the management of the target business at the time of the business combination could remain in place. Management of the target business may not be familiar with U.S. securities laws including the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and stock exchange rules. The requirements of these rules and regulations will increase legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on the Company's systems and resources. The management team may not successfully or efficiently manage the transition to operating a public company that is subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. If new management is unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a public company regulated by the SEC, they may have to expend time and resources becoming familiar with such requirements. This could be expensive and time-consuming and could lead to various regulatory issues which may adversely affect our operations.
Regulation - Risk 3
We may reincorporate in another jurisdiction in connection with our Initial Business Combination and such reincorporation may result in taxes imposed on stockholders.
We may effect a business combination with a target company in another jurisdiction, reincorporate in the jurisdiction in which the target company or business is located, or reincorporate in another jurisdiction. Such transactions may result in tax liability for a stockholder in the jurisdiction in which the stockholder is a tax resident (or in which its members are resident if it is a tax transparent entity), in which the target company is located, or in which we reincorporate. We do not intend to make any cash distributions to stockholders to pay such taxes. Stockholders may be subject to withholding taxes or other taxes with respect to their ownership of us after the reincorporation.
Regulation - Risk 4
Compliance obligations under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2022 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act") may make it more difficult for us to effectuate our Initial Business Combination, require substantial financial and management resources, and increase the time and costs of completing an acquisition.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and report on our system of internal controls beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2022. Only in the event we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer or an accelerated filer, and no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, will we be required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirement on our internal control over financial reporting. The fact that we are a blank check company makes compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act particularly burdensome on us as compared to other public companies because a target business with which we seek to complete our Initial Business Combination may not be in compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding adequacy of its internal controls. The development of the internal control of any such entity to achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act may increase the time and costs necessary to complete any such acquisition.
Regulation - Risk 5
If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted, which may make it difficult for us to complete our Initial Business Combination.
If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, our activities may be restricted, including: - restrictions on the nature of our investments; and - restrictions on the issuance of securities;each of which may make it difficult for us to complete our Initial Business Combination. In addition, we may have imposed upon us burdensome requirements, including: - registration as an investment company with the SEC;- adoption of a specific form of corporate structure; and - reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy and disclosure requirements and other rules and regulations that we are currently not subject to. We do not believe that our current and anticipated future principal activities will subject us to regulation under the Investment Company Act. The proceeds held in the Trust Account may be invested by the trustee only in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds investing solely in U.S. Treasuries and meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act. Because the investment of the proceeds of our Initial Public Offering is restricted to these instruments, we believe we meet and will continue to meet the requirements for the exemption provided in Rule 3a-1 promulgated under the Investment Company Act. If we were deemed to be subject to the Investment Company Act, compliance with these additional regulatory burdens would require additional expenses for which we have not allotted funds and may hinder our ability to complete a business combination. If we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period), or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our Trust Account and our Warrants will expire worthless.
Regulation - Risk 6
Changes in laws or regulations, or a failure to comply with any laws and regulations, may adversely affect our business, including our ability to negotiate and complete our Initial Business Combination, and results of operations.
We are subject to laws and regulations enacted by national, regional and local governments. In particular, we are required to comply with certain SEC and other legal requirements. Compliance with, and monitoring of, applicable laws and regulations may be difficult, time consuming and costly. Those laws and regulations and their interpretation and application may also change from time to time and those changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, investments and results of operations. In addition, a failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations, as interpreted and applied, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our ability to negotiate and complete our Initial Business Combination, and results of operations. On March 30, 2022, the SEC announced the proposal of new rules and amendments concerning special purpose acquisition companies ("SPACs") such as the Company that, if adopted, would, among other things: (i) require SPACs to include additional and/or enhanced disclosure about conflicts of interest, compensation paid to sponsors, sources of dilution, and the fairness of proposed business combination transactions in certain instances, (ii) prohibit SPACs from taking advantage of the liability safe harbor in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding forward-looking statements in SEC filings and with respect to business combination transactions, (iii) deem underwriters in a SPAC's initial public offering to be underwriters in any subsequent de-SPAC transaction when certain conditions are met and (iv) implement new and more onerous requirements regarding the use of financial projections in filings with the SEC, including in connection with SPAC business combination transactions. There can be no assurance as to if or when the new proposed rules and amendments will be adopted by the SEC or, if adopted, as to any changes that may be made to such proposed rules and amendments prior to their adoption or as to when the new rules and amendments would become effective. If the new rules and amendments are adopted and become effective, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our ability to negotiate and complete our Initial Business Combination.
Litigation & Legal Liabilities3 | 3.1%
Litigation & Legal Liabilities - Risk 1
If, after we distribute the proceeds in the Trust Account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, a bankruptcy court may seek to recover such proceeds, and the members of our board of directors may be viewed as having breached their fiduciary duties, thereby exposing the members of our board of directors and us to claims seeking damages, including potential punitive damages.
If, after we distribute the proceeds in the Trust Account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a "preferential transfer," a "fraudulent conveyance" or a "voidable transfer." As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover some or all amounts received by our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors may be viewed as having breached its fiduciary duty and/or having acted in bad faith by paying public stockholders from the Trust Account prior to addressing the claims of creditors, thereby exposing itself and us to claims seeking damages, including potential punitive damages.
Litigation & Legal Liabilities - Risk 2
If, before distributing the proceeds in the Trust Account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, the claims of creditors in such proceeding may have priority over the claims of our stockholders and the per-share amount that would otherwise be received by our stockholders in connection with our liquidation may be reduced.
If, before distributing the proceeds in the Trust Account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the Trust Account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the Trust Account, the per-share amount that would otherwise be received by our public stockholders in connection with our liquidation would be reduced.
Litigation & Legal Liabilities - Risk 3
If third parties bring claims against us, the proceeds held in the Trust Account could be reduced and the per-share redemption amount received by stockholders may be less than $10.20 per share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period).
Our placing of funds in the Trust Account may not protect those funds from third-party claims against us. Although we will seek to have all vendors, service providers (other than our independent registered public accounting firm), prospective target businesses and other entities with which we do business execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the Trust Account for the benefit of our public stockholders, such parties may not execute such agreements, or even if they execute such agreements they may not be prevented from bringing claims against the Trust Account, including, but not limited to, fraudulent inducement, breach of fiduciary responsibility or other similar claims, as well as claims challenging the enforceability of the waiver, in each case in order to gain advantage with respect to a claim against our assets, including the funds held in the Trust Account. If any third-party refuses to execute an agreement waiving such claims to the monies held in the Trust Account, our management will perform an analysis of the alternatives available to it and will enter into an agreement with a third-party that has not executed a waiver only if management believes that such third-party's engagement would be significantly more beneficial to us than any alternative. Examples of possible instances where we may engage a third-party that refuses to execute a waiver include the engagement of a third-party consultant whose particular expertise or skills are believed by management to be significantly superior to those of other consultants that would agree to execute a waiver or in cases where we are unable to find a service provider willing to execute a waiver. In addition, there is no guarantee that such entities will agree to waive any claims they may have in the future as a result of, or arising out of, any negotiations, contracts or agreements with us and will not seek recourse against the Trust Account for any reason. Upon redemption of our public shares, if we have not completed our Initial Business Combination within the required time period, or upon the exercise of a redemption right in connection with our Initial Business Combination, we will be required to provide for payment of claims of creditors that were not waived that may be brought against us within the ten years following redemption. Accordingly, the per-share redemption amount received by public stockholders could be less than the $10.20 per public share initially held in the Trust Account, due to claims of such creditors. Our Sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to us if and to the extent any claims by a third-party (other than our independent registered public accounting firm) for services rendered or products sold to us, or a prospective target business with which we have discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below (1) $10.20 per public share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period) or (2) such lesser amount per public share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of interest which may be withdrawn to pay taxes, except as to any claims by a third-party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and except as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of our Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third-party, our Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. However, we believe that our Sponsor's only assets are securities of our company. Accordingly, we believe it is unlikely that our Sponsor would be able to satisfy those obligations. We have not asked our Sponsor to reserve for such obligations, and therefore, no funds are currently set aside to cover any such obligations. As a result, if any such claims were successfully made against the Trust Account, the funds available for our Initial Business Combination and redemptions could be reduced to less than $10.20 per public share (subject to increase for any additional amounts deposited into the Trust Account in respect of any Funded Extension Period). In such event, we may not be able to complete our Initial Business Combination, and our public stockholders would receive such lesser amount per share in connection with any redemption of public shares. None of our directors or officers will indemnify us for claims by third parties, including, without limitation, claims by vendors and prospective target businesses.
Taxation & Government Incentives2 | 2.1%
Taxation & Government Incentives - Risk 1
A new 1% U.S. federal excise tax could be imposed on us in connection with redemptions by us of our shares in connection with an Initial Business Combination or otherwise.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the "IR Act") IR Act was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded domestic (i.e., U.S.) corporations and certain domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its stockholders from whom shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The Treasury Department has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out, and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. The IR Act applies only to repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022. On December 27, 2022, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued Notice 2023-2, which provides interim guidance with respect to the recently enacted stock repurchase excise tax in section 4501 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Notice 2023-2"). Notice 2023-2 provides interim guidance upon which taxpayers are permitted to rely, pending forthcoming proposed regulations, which the Treasury Department and the IRS anticipate will be generally retroactive to January 1, 2023 when finalized and which are anticipated to be consistent with the guidance provided in Notice 2023-2. Notice 2023-2 provides that, generally, a taxable liquidation by a SPAC will not be subject to the stock repurchase excise tax but that a redemption outside of the liquidation context likely will be. Any redemption or other repurchase in connection with an Initial Business Combination (but not in connection with a liquidation) or otherwise may be subject to the excise tax. The mechanics of any required payment of the excise tax have not been determined.
Taxation & Government Incentives - Risk 2
There may be tax consequences to our business combinations that may adversely affect us.
While we expect to undertake any merger or acquisition so as to minimize taxes both to the acquired business and/or asset and us, such business combination might not meet the statutory requirements of a tax-free reorganization, or the parties might not obtain the intended tax-free treatment upon a transfer of shares or assets. A non-qualifying reorganization could result in the imposition of substantial taxes on the acquired business and/or asset and us.
Production
Total Risks: 7/97 (7%)Below Sector Average
Employment / Personnel6 | 6.2%
Employment / Personnel - Risk 1
Members of our management team and board of directors have significant experience as founders, board members, officers, executives or employees of other companies. Certain of those persons have been, may be, or may become, involved in litigation, investigations or other proceedings, including related to those companies or otherwise. The defense or prosecution of these matters could be time-consuming and could divert our management's attention, and may have an adverse effect on us, which may impede our ability to consummate an Initial Business Combination.
During the course of their careers, members of our management team and board of directors have had significant experience as founders, board members, officers, executives or employees of other companies. As a result of their involvement and positions in these companies, certain of those persons have been, may be or may in the future become involved in litigation, investigations or other proceedings, including relating to the business affairs of such companies, transactions entered into by such companies, or otherwise. Individual members of our management team and board of directors also may become involved in litigation, investigations or other proceedings involving claims or allegations related to or as a result of their previous personal conduct, either in their capacity as a corporate officer or director or otherwise, and may be personally named in such actions and potentially subject to personal liability as a result of their previous individual conduct or otherwise. Any such liability may or may not be covered by insurance and/or indemnification, depending on the facts and circumstances. The defense or prosecution of these matters could be time-consuming. Any litigation, investigations or other proceedings and the potential outcomes of such actions may divert the attention and resources of our management team and board of directors away from identifying and selecting a target business or businesses for our Initial Business Combination and may negatively affect our reputation, which may impede our ability to complete an Initial Business Combination.
Employment / Personnel - Risk 2
Added
Some of our executive officers and directors may have conflicts of interest that may influence or have influenced them to support or approve the Business Combination without regard to your interests or in determining whether Pinstripes is an appropriate target for our Initial Business Combination.
Our Sponsor and independent directors currently hold an aggregate of 5,095,375 shares of Class B Common Stock. Pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement, our Sponsor and George Courtot, Bruce Lubin, Otis Carter, Kimberley Annette Rimsza, Matt Jaffee and Brett Biggs (collectively, the "Sponsor Parties") have agreed that two-thirds of the Class B Shares (or Class A common stock of the Company if converted) held by the Sponsor Parties (excluding up to 1,000,000 shares that will be transferred by the Sponsor to investors pursuant to certain non-redemption agreements entered into by the Sponsor and up to 2,000,000 shares that may be transferred by the Sponsor to investors in the Bridge Financing and the PIPE Investment (as defined in the Sponsor Letter Agreement), the "Vesting Shares") shall be subject to vesting conditions and forfeiture as follows: (i) 50% of the Vesting Shares shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture if the volume weighted average share price of the Company Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share for any 20 trading days within any consecutive 30-trading day period commencing five months after the Closing; and (ii) 100% of the Vesting Shares shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture if the volume weighted average share price of the Company Common Stock equals or exceeds $14.00 per share for any 20 trading days within any consecutive 30-trading day period commencing five months after the Closing. Any Vesting Shares that remain unvested upon the five-year anniversary of the Closing will be forfeited by the Sponsor Parties. The personal and financial interests of our Sponsor, Sponsor Parties, executive officers and directors may influence or have influenced their motivation in identifying and selecting a target for our Initial Business Combination, their support for completing the proposed Business Combination and the operation of the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company following the consummation of the proposed Business Combination. Certain officers and members of our board of directors may also participate in arrangements that may provide them with other interests in the proposed Business Combination that are different from yours, including, among others, arrangements for their continued service as directors of the Post-Business Combination Surviving Company. Further, our Sponsor and Sponsor Parties have agreed to (i) vote in favor of all SPAC Stockholder Voting Matters (as such term is defined in the Amended Pinstripes Agreement) and the transactions contemplated thereby, (ii) waive the anti-dilution or similar protections with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by the Sponsor Parties, (iii) not redeem any of their shares in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination and (iv) not further amend or modify the letter agreement, dated as of January 19, 2022, by and among the Company, the Sponsor and other parties thereto. These interests, among others, may influence or have influenced our Sponsor, Sponsor Parties and the executive officers and members of our board of directors to support or approve the proposed Business Combination.
Employment / Personnel - Risk 3
We are dependent upon our directors and officers and their departure could adversely affect our ability to operate.
Our operations are dependent upon a relatively small group of individuals. We believe that our success depends on the continued service of our directors and officers, at least until we have completed our Initial Business Combination. We do not have an employment agreement with, or key-man insurance on the life of, any of our directors or officers. The unexpected loss of the services of one or more of our directors or officers could have a detrimental effect on us.
Employment / Personnel - Risk 4
Our ability to successfully effect our Initial Business Combination and to be successful thereafter will be dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel, some of whom may join us following our Initial Business Combination. The loss of our or a target's key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business.
Our ability to successfully effect our Initial Business Combination is dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel. The role of our key personnel in the target business, however, cannot presently be ascertained. Although some of our key personnel may remain with the target business in senior management or advisory positions following our Initial Business Combination, it is likely that some or all of the management of the target business will remain in place. While we intend to closely scrutinize any individuals we engage after our Initial Business Combination, we cannot assure our stockholders that our assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct. These individuals may be unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a company regulated by the SEC, which could cause us to have to expend time and resources helping them become familiar with such requirements. In addition, the directors and officers of an acquisition candidate may resign upon completion of our Initial Business Combination. The departure of a business combination target's key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business. The role of an acquisition candidate's key personnel upon the completion of our Initial Business Combination cannot be ascertained at this time. Although we contemplate that certain members of an acquisition candidate's management team will remain associated with the acquisition candidate following our Initial Business Combination, it is possible that members of the management of an acquisition candidate will not wish to remain in place. The loss of key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business.
Employment / Personnel - Risk 5
Our key personnel may negotiate employment or consulting agreements with a target business in connection with a particular business combination. These agreements may provide for them to receive compensation following our Initial Business Combination and as a result, may cause them to have conflicts of interest in determining whether a particular business combination is the most advantageous.
Our key personnel may be able to remain with our company after the completion of our Initial Business Combination only if they are able to negotiate employment or consulting agreements in connection with the business combination. Such negotiations would take place simultaneously with the negotiation of the business combination agreement and could provide for such individuals to receive compensation in the form of cash payments and/or our securities for services they would render to us after the completion of the business combination. Such negotiations also could make such key personnel's retention or resignation a condition to any such agreement. The personal and financial interests of such individuals may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business. The determination as to whether any of our key personnel will remain with us will be made at the time of our Initial Business Combination.
Employment / Personnel - Risk 6
Our directors and officers will allocate their time to other businesses thereby causing conflicts of interest in their determination as to how much time to devote to our affairs. This conflict of interest could have a negative impact on our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination.
Our directors and officers are not required to, and will not, commit their full time to our affairs, which may result in a conflict of interest in allocating their time between our operations and our search for a business combination and their other responsibilities. We do not intend to have any full-time employees prior to the completion of our business combination. Each of our directors and officers is engaged in several other business endeavors for which he or she may be entitled to substantial compensation and our directors and officers are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week to our affairs. Our independent directors also serve as officers and/or board members for other entities. If our directors' and officers' other business affairs require them to devote substantial amounts of time to such affairs in excess of their current commitment levels, it could limit their ability to devote time to our affairs which may have a negative impact on our ability to complete our Initial Business Combination. See Part III, Item 10, "Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant" in this Annual Report for a discussion of our officers' and directors' other business affairs.
Costs1 | 1.0%
Costs - Risk 1
Changes in the market for directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate and complete an Initial Business Combination.
In recent months, the market for directors and officers liability insurance for special purpose acquisition companies has changed in ways adverse to us and our management team. Fewer insurance companies are offering quotes for directors and officers liability coverage, the premiums charged for such policies have generally increased and the terms of such policies have generally become less favorable. These trends may continue into the future. The increased cost and decreased availability of directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate an Initial Business Combination. In order to obtain directors and officers liability insurance or modify its coverage as a result of becoming a public company, the post-business combination entity might need to incur greater expense, accept less favorable terms or both. However, any failure to obtain adequate directors and officers liability insurance could have an adverse impact on the post-business combination's ability to attract and retain qualified officers and directors. In addition, even after we were to complete an Initial Business Combination, our directors and officers could still be subject to potential liability from claims arising from conduct alleged to have occurred prior to the Initial Business Combination. As a result, in order to protect our directors and officers, the post-business combination entity may need to purchase additional insurance with respect to any such claims ("run-off insurance"). The need for run-off insurance would be an added expense for the post-business combination entity, and could interfere with or frustrate our ability to consummate an Initial Business Combination on terms favorable to our investors.
Ability to Sell
Total Risks: 2/97 (2%)Below Sector Average
Sales & Marketing2 | 2.1%
Sales & Marketing - Risk 1
We may face risks related to the foodservice industry.
Although we may pursue an Initial Business Combination target in any sector, industry or geographic location, we currently intend to focus our efforts on identifying business combination targets in the foodservice industry. Business combinations with businesses in the foodservice industry entail special considerations and risks. The foodservice industry is sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions. An uneven level of general economic activity, uncertainty in the financial markets, and slow job growth could have a negative impact on consumer confidence, discretionary spending, and accordingly, the foodservice industry in general. If we are successful in completing a business combination with a target business in the foodservice industry, we may also be subject to, and possibly adversely affected by, the following risks: intense competition in the industry, food price fluctuations, costs for freight, raw materials, fuel, energy and other supplies, technology obsolescence, changing consumer behaviors and preferences, labor issues and labor costs and government regulations. In addition, the foodservice industry, including restaurants and their affiliated suppliers, have been, and in the future may continue to be, particularly adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic other global events (such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine). Any of the foregoing could have an adverse impact on our operations following a business combination. However, our efforts in identifying prospective target businesses will not be limited to the foodservice industry. Accordingly, if we acquire a target business in another industry we will be subject to risks attendant with the specific industry in which we operate or target business which we acquire, which may or may not be different than those risks listed above.
Sales & Marketing - Risk 2
We may be able to complete only one business combination with the proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants, which will cause us to be solely dependent on a single business which may have a limited number of products or services. This lack of diversification may negatively impact our operations and profitability.
The net proceeds from our Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants provided us with $247,830,000 that we may use for working capital and to complete our Initial Business Combination (which includes $9,660,000 of deferred underwriting commissions being held in the Trust Account, and excludes expenses of our Initial Public Offering). We may effectuate our Initial Business Combination with a single target business or multiple target businesses simultaneously or within a short period of time. However, we may not be able to effectuate our Initial Business Combination with more than one target business because of various factors, including the existence of complex accounting issues and the requirement that we prepare and file pro forma financial statements with the SEC that present operating results and the financial condition of several target businesses as if they had been operated on a combined basis. By completing our Initial Business Combination with only a single entity our lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory risks. Further, we would not be able to diversify our operations or benefit from the possible spreading of risks or offsetting of losses, unlike other entities which may have the resources to complete several business combinations in different industries or different areas of a single industry. Accordingly, the prospects for our success may be: - solely dependent upon the performance of a single business, property or asset; or - dependent upon the development or market acceptance of a single or limited number of products, processes or services. This lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory risks, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact upon the particular industry in which we may operate subsequent to our Initial Business Combination.
Tech & Innovation
Total Risks: 1/97 (1%)Below Sector Average
Cyber Security1 | 1.0%
Cyber Security - Risk 1
Cyber incidents or attacks directed at us could result in information theft, data corruption, operational disruption and/or financial loss.
We depend on digital technologies, including information systems, infrastructure and cloud applications and services, including those of third parties with which we may deal. Sophisticated and deliberate attacks on, or security breaches in, our systems or infrastructure, or the systems or infrastructure of third parties or the cloud, could lead to corruption or misappropriation of our assets, proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data. As an early stage company without significant investments in data security protection, we may not be sufficiently protected against such occurrences. We may not have sufficient resources to adequately protect against, or to investigate and remediate any vulnerability to, cyber incidents. It is possible that any of these occurrences, or a combination of them, could have adverse consequences on our business and lead to financial loss.
See a full breakdown of risk according to category and subcategory. The list starts with the category with the most risk. Click on subcategories to read relevant extracts from the most recent report.

FAQ

What are “Risk Factors”?
Risk factors are any situations or occurrences that could make investing in a company risky.
    The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that publicly traded companies disclose their most significant risk factors. This is so that potential investors can consider any risks before they make an investment.
      They also offer companies protection, as a company can use risk factors as liability protection. This could happen if a company underperforms and investors take legal action as a result.
        It is worth noting that smaller companies, that is those with a public float of under $75 million on the last business day, do not have to include risk factors in their 10-K and 10-Q forms, although some may choose to do so.
          How do companies disclose their risk factors?
          Publicly traded companies initially disclose their risk factors to the SEC through their S-1 filings as part of the IPO process.
            Additionally, companies must provide a complete list of risk factors in their Annual Reports (Form 10-K) or (Form 20-F) for “foreign private issuers”.
              Quarterly Reports also include a section on risk factors (Form 10-Q) where companies are only required to update any changes since the previous report.
                According to the SEC, risk factors should be reported concisely, logically and in “plain English” so investors can understand them.
                  How can I use TipRanks risk factors in my stock research?
                  Use the Risk Factors tab to get data about the risk factors of any company in which you are considering investing.
                    You can easily see the most significant risks a company is facing. Additionally, you can find out which risk factors a company has added, removed or adjusted since its previous disclosure. You can also see how a company’s risk factors compare to others in its sector.
                      Without reading company reports or participating in conference calls, you would most likely not have access to this sort of information, which is usually not included in press releases or other public announcements.
                        A simplified analysis of risk factors is unique to TipRanks.
                          What are all the risk factor categories?
                          TipRanks has identified 6 major categories of risk factors and a number of subcategories for each. You can see how these categories are broken down in the list below.
                          1. Financial & Corporate
                          • Accounting & Financial Operations - risks related to accounting loss, value of intangible assets, financial statements, value of intangible assets, financial reporting, estimates, guidance, company profitability, dividends, fluctuating results.
                          • Share Price & Shareholder Rights – risks related to things that impact share prices and the rights of shareholders, including analyst ratings, major shareholder activity, trade volatility, liquidity of shares, anti-takeover provisions, international listing, dual listing.
                          • Debt & Financing – risks related to debt, funding, financing and interest rates, financial investments.
                          • Corporate Activity and Growth – risks related to restructuring, M&As, joint ventures, execution of corporate strategy, strategic alliances.
                          2. Legal & Regulatory
                          • Litigation and Legal Liabilities – risks related to litigation/ lawsuits against the company.
                          • Regulation – risks related to compliance, GDPR, and new legislation.
                          • Environmental / Social – risks related to environmental regulation and to data privacy.
                          • Taxation & Government Incentives – risks related to taxation and changes in government incentives.
                          3. Production
                          • Costs – risks related to costs of production including commodity prices, future contracts, inventory.
                          • Supply Chain – risks related to the company’s suppliers.
                          • Manufacturing – risks related to the company’s manufacturing process including product quality and product recalls.
                          • Human Capital – risks related to recruitment, training and retention of key employees, employee relationships & unions labor disputes, pension, and post retirement benefits, medical, health and welfare benefits, employee misconduct, employee litigation.
                          4. Technology & Innovation
                          • Innovation / R&D – risks related to innovation and new product development.
                          • Technology – risks related to the company’s reliance on technology.
                          • Cyber Security – risks related to securing the company’s digital assets and from cyber attacks.
                          • Trade Secrets & Patents – risks related to the company’s ability to protect its intellectual property and to infringement claims against the company as well as piracy and unlicensed copying.
                          5. Ability to Sell
                          • Demand – risks related to the demand of the company’s goods and services including seasonality, reliance on key customers.
                          • Competition – risks related to the company’s competition including substitutes.
                          • Sales & Marketing – risks related to sales, marketing, and distribution channels, pricing, and market penetration.
                          • Brand & Reputation – risks related to the company’s brand and reputation.
                          6. Macro & Political
                          • Economy & Political Environment – risks related to changes in economic and political conditions.
                          • Natural and Human Disruptions – risks related to catastrophes, floods, storms, terror, earthquakes, coronavirus pandemic/COVID-19.
                          • International Operations – risks related to the global nature of the company.
                          • Capital Markets – risks related to exchange rates and trade, cryptocurrency.
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