Historically, the country's political situation has influenced the performance of the Brazilian economy, and political crises have affected the confidence of investors and the general public, which resulted in economic deceleration, the downgrading of credit ratings of the Brazilian government and Brazilian issuers, and heightened volatility in the securities issued abroad by Brazilian companies.
Additionally, the Brazilian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Brazilian economy and often changes monetary, credit, exchange and other policies to influence Brazil's economy. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be adversely affected by changes in government policies, as well as other factors including, without limitation:
- exchange rate movements and volatility;- inflation and changes in interest rates;- exchange control policies;- fiscal policy and changes in tax laws;- other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments that may affect Brazil or the international markets;- controls on capital flows; and/or - limits on foreign trade.
In the last few years, Brazil faced adverse fiscal developments and political instability. Brazilian GDP decreased by 4.1% in 2020, grew by 1.1% in 2019 and grew by 1.3% in 2018. Unemployment rate was 13.5% in 2020, 11.9% in 2019 and 11.6% in 2018. Inflation, as reported by the consumer price index (IPCA), was 4.52% in 2020, 4.31% in 2019 and 3.75% in 2018. The Brazilian Central Bank's base interest rate (SELIC) was 2.0% on December 31, 2020, 4.5% on December 31, 2019 and 6.5% on December 31, 2018. Future economic, social and political developments in Brazil may impair our business, financial condition or results of operations, or cause the market value of our securities to decline.
Changes in, or uncertainties regarding the implementation of, the policies above, might generate or contribute to uncertainties in the Brazilian economy. This would increase the volatility of the domestic capital market and the value of Brazilian securities traded abroad, and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Moreover, taking into account the Brazilian presidential system of government, and the considerable influence of the executive power, it is not possible to predict whether the present government or any successive governments will have an adverse effect on the Brazilian economy, and consequently on our business.