At certain facilities of our Asset-Based operations, we store fuel and oil in underground and aboveground tanks and other containers. In connection with these operations, we are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations relating to, among other areas: underground and aboveground storage tanks, stormwater pollution prevention, contingency planning for spills of petroleum products, and disposal of waste oil. We may be subject to substantial fines, civil penalties, or litigation if we fail to obtain proper certifications or permits or if we do not comply with required environmental inspections, testing provisions, and consent decrees. Under certain environmental laws, we could be subject to strict liability for any clean-up costs relating to contamination at our past or present facilities, including those occurring prior to ownership or use of such facilities, and at third-party waste disposal sites.
We routinely transport or arrange for the transportation of hazardous materials and explosives. The transportation of hazardous materials or explosives also involves the risks of, among others, leakage, environmental damage, a spill or accident involving hazardous substances, and hazardous waste disposal, as well as costs associated with the environmental clean-up of fuel spillage from our vehicles. In addition, if any damage or injury occurs as a result of these operations, we may be subject to claims from third parties and bear liability for such damage or injury.
Although we have instituted programs to monitor and control environmental risks and promote and maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, violations of applicable laws or regulations may subject us to clean-up costs and liabilities not covered by insurance or in excess of our applicable insurance coverage, including substantial fines, civil penalties, or civil and criminal liability, as well as bans on making future shipments in particular geographic areas, any of which could adversely affect our business.
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Concern over climate change, including the impact of global warming, has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit carbon and other GHG emissions, and some form of federal, state, and/or regional climate change legislation is possible in the future. Emission-related regulatory actions have historically resulted in increased costs of revenue equipment, diesel fuel, and equipment maintenance, and future legislation, if enacted, could impose substantial costs on us that may adversely impact our results of operations. Such regulatory actions may require changes in our operating practices, impair equipment productivity, or require additional reporting disclosures. Compliance with laws and regulations related to climate risk may also increase our exposure to litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings. We may also encounter difficulties in collecting and managing data that impact timely compliance or incur significant costs to comply with increased regulation regarding environmental monitoring and financial reporting disclosure requirements, including those described in "Environmental and Other Government Regulations" within Part I, Item 1 (Business) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We are subject to increasing investor and customer sensitivity to sustainability issues, and we may be subject to additional requirements related to shareholder proposals, customer-led initiatives, or our customers' efforts to comply with environmental programs. Until the timing, scope, and extent of any future regulation or customer requirements become known, we cannot predict their effect on our cost structure, business, or results of operations.